{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091445921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2014.6816406","title":"The impact of vehicle charging loads on frequency regulation procurements in ERCOT","display_name":"The impact of vehicle charging loads on frequency regulation procurements in ERCOT","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091445921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2014.6816406","mag":"2091445921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt.2014.6816406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2014.6816406","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISGT 2014","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039152724","display_name":"Chioke Harris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3453-6527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chioke B. Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas","Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105707671","display_name":"Michael E. Webber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1359-4680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael E. Webber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas","Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039152724"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69095757,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12617","display_name":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procurement","display_name":"Procurement","score":0.7408424615859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.6660605669021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.597831666469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.5935750007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.5828045606613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.5207064747810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5164034962654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.515801191329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticipation","display_name":"Anticipation (artificial intelligence)","score":0.4881792664527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4855758547782898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4038717448711395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3641250431537628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.35561469197273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2930939793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2282908856868744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.19693100452423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.18868502974510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.1720781922340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.08437970280647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.0757104754447937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201650216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829492","display_name":"Procurement","level":2,"score":0.7408424615859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.6660605669021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.597831666469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5935750007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5828045606613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.5207064747810364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5164034962654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.515801191329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176777502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774623","display_name":"Anticipation (artificial intelligence)","level":2,"score":0.4881792664527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4855758547782898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4038717448711395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3641250431537628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.35561469197273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2930939793586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2282908856868744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19693100452423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.18868502974510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1720781922340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.08437970280647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0757104754447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt.2014.6816406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2014.6816406","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISGT 2014","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306108","display_name":"U.S. Department of Transportation","ror":"https://ror.org/02xfw2e90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488124532","https://openalex.org/W1502282776","https://openalex.org/W2017324326","https://openalex.org/W2024974439","https://openalex.org/W2035017502","https://openalex.org/W2044715447","https://openalex.org/W2047350741","https://openalex.org/W2056587918","https://openalex.org/W2061983637","https://openalex.org/W2085949017","https://openalex.org/W2089928444","https://openalex.org/W2101514285","https://openalex.org/W2114908365","https://openalex.org/W2119418624","https://openalex.org/W2129530772","https://openalex.org/W2131539632","https://openalex.org/W2134272879","https://openalex.org/W2135797872","https://openalex.org/W2141659147","https://openalex.org/W2152046486","https://openalex.org/W2161593366","https://openalex.org/W2162591999","https://openalex.org/W6630236644","https://openalex.org/W6676838908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2150761772","https://openalex.org/W4213201576","https://openalex.org/W2765459612","https://openalex.org/W1525751611","https://openalex.org/W4285549518","https://openalex.org/W1579870145","https://openalex.org/W2913976737","https://openalex.org/W2381419481","https://openalex.org/W2114148396","https://openalex.org/W131169034"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,130],"anticipated":[2],"that":[3,114],"plug-in":[4],"electric":[5],"vehicles":[6],"(PEVs),":[7],"which":[8,136],"rely":[9],"exclusively":[10],"on":[11,105],"a":[12],"battery":[13],"to":[14,39,48,62,84,95],"provide":[15],"some":[16],"or":[17],"all":[18],"of":[19,33,52,66,99,141],"their":[20],"driving":[21],"range,":[22],"will":[23],"grow":[24],"in":[25,27,36,101,110,126,146],"popularity":[26],"the":[28,34,50,64,97,117,124,142],"coming":[29],"decades.":[30],"In":[31,87],"anticipation":[32],"growth":[35],"electricity":[37],"demand":[38],"support":[40],"PEV":[41,67],"charging,":[42,68],"extensive":[43],"study":[44],"has":[45],"been":[46,73],"devoted":[47],"assessing":[49],"effects":[51],"these":[53,69],"loads.":[54],"While":[55],"optimal":[56],"charging":[57,103],"strategies":[58,70],"could":[59],"be":[60],"applied":[61],"minimize":[63],"impact":[65],"have":[71],"not":[72],"widely":[74],"adopted,":[75],"nor":[76],"are":[77,93],"there":[78],"significant":[79],"incentives":[80],"for":[81,116],"vehicle":[82,102],"owners":[83],"adopt":[85],"them.":[86],"this":[88],"work,":[89],"Monte":[90],"Carlo":[91],"simulations":[92],"performed":[94],"assess":[96],"effect":[98],"uncertainty":[100],"loads":[104],"frequency":[106,127],"regulation":[107,128],"procurement":[108],"requirements":[109],"ERCOT.":[111],"Results":[112],"indicate":[113],"even":[115],"largest":[118],"fleet":[119],"size":[120],"simulated,":[121],"500,000":[122],"vehicles,":[123],"increase":[125],"required":[129],"typically":[131],"less":[132],"than":[133],"6":[134],"MW,":[135],"represents":[137],"just":[138],"over":[139],"1%":[140],"average":[143],"quantity":[144],"procured":[145],"2011.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
