{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155468340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2012.6175814","title":"Automated vulnerability detection for compiled smart grid software","display_name":"Automated vulnerability detection for compiled smart grid software","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155468340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2012.6175814","mag":"2155468340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt.2012.6175814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2012.6175814","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017277237","display_name":"Stacy Prowell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-5641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. J. Prowell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061263507","display_name":"Mark G. Pleszkoch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-5287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Pleszkoch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070487448","display_name":"Kirk Sayre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. D. Sayre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111888733","display_name":"R.C. Linger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. C. Linger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2 a","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8271445035934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firmware","display_name":"Firmware","score":0.7864465713500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6335652470588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.5854724645614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.5601591467857361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5155701041221619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.5140169858932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.45952755212783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.32661429047584534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3263850808143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23510807752609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1744692027568817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11430087685585022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8271445035934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67212190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104851","display_name":"Firmware","level":2,"score":0.7864465713500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6335652470588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.5854724645614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.5601591467857361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5155701041221619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.5140169858932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.45952755212783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.32661429047584534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3263850808143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23510807752609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1744692027568817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11430087685585022}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt.2012.6175814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt.2012.6175814","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109951691","https://openalex.org/W1493825700","https://openalex.org/W1525811688","https://openalex.org/W1542964113","https://openalex.org/W1583295953","https://openalex.org/W1738704815","https://openalex.org/W2014432770","https://openalex.org/W2068003534","https://openalex.org/W2099107494","https://openalex.org/W2105443791","https://openalex.org/W2116998907","https://openalex.org/W2136310957","https://openalex.org/W2164501290","https://openalex.org/W2167382421","https://openalex.org/W2293624369","https://openalex.org/W4205656913","https://openalex.org/W4230919050","https://openalex.org/W4296415990","https://openalex.org/W6604462143","https://openalex.org/W6675739741"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2610659201","https://openalex.org/W65788704","https://openalex.org/W4285507391","https://openalex.org/W3107556205","https://openalex.org/W2805262980","https://openalex.org/W2067547021","https://openalex.org/W2765174411","https://openalex.org/W4234891089","https://openalex.org/W3196559688","https://openalex.org/W2898686857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"testing":[1],"performed":[2],"with":[3],"proper":[4],"experimental":[5],"controls":[6],"can":[7],"provide":[8],"scientifically":[9],"quantifiable":[10],"evidence":[11],"that":[12,25],"software":[13,50,55,61,71],"does":[14,97],"not":[15,98],"contain":[16],"unintentional":[17],"vulnerabilities":[18,27],"(bugs),":[19],"it":[20],"is":[21,52,85],"insufficient":[22],"to":[23,31,69,72,79],"show":[24],"intentional":[26,75],"exist,":[28],"and":[29,78,96],"impractical":[30],"certify":[32],"devices":[33],"for":[34],"the":[35,49,88,106],"expected":[36],"long":[37],"lifetimes":[38],"of":[39,43,48],"use.":[40],"For":[41],"both":[42],"these":[44],"needs,":[45],"rigorous":[46,59],"analysis":[47,62,84],"itself":[51],"essential.":[53],"Automated":[54],"behavior":[56],"computation":[57],"applies":[58],"static":[60],"methods":[63],"based":[64,86],"on":[65,87,100],"function":[66],"extraction":[67],"(FX)":[68],"compiled":[70,89],"detect":[73],"vulnerabilities,":[74],"or":[76,102],"unintentional,":[77],"verify":[80],"critical":[81],"functionality.":[82],"This":[83],"firmware,":[90],"takes":[91],"into":[92],"account":[93],"machine":[94],"precision,":[95],"rely":[99],"heuristics":[101],"approximations":[103],"early":[104],"in":[105],"analysis.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
