{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310174488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt-europe54678.2022.9960467","title":"A New Deep Learning-Based Strategy for Launching Timely DoS Attacks in PMU-Based Cyber-Physical Power Systems","display_name":"A New Deep Learning-Based Strategy for Launching Timely DoS Attacks in PMU-Based Cyber-Physical Power Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310174488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt-europe54678.2022.9960467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt-europe54678.2022.9960467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt-europe54678.2022.9960467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608096","display_name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032234057","display_name":"Tohid Behdadnia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2667-7568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89206478","display_name":"Engie (Belgium)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c97z041","country_code":"BE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124897","https://openalex.org/I89206478"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tohid Behdadnia","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille),Leuven,Belgium","Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille),Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89206478","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024462942","display_name":"Geert Deconinck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2225-3987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89206478","display_name":"Engie (Belgium)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c97z041","country_code":"BE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124897","https://openalex.org/I89206478"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geert Deconinck","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille),Leuven,Belgium","Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven,Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille),Leuven,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89206478","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-ELECTA-EnergyVille), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032234057"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89206478","https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60038932,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6906554698944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6433779001235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.6362559795379639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5486293435096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.48471808433532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.484609454870224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.4559903144836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.44763219356536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.3045250177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2861934304237366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6906554698944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6433779001235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.6362559795379639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5486293435096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.48471808433532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.484609454870224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4559903144836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.44763219356536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.3045250177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2861934304237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt-europe54678.2022.9960467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt-europe54678.2022.9960467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608096","display_name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/708573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/708573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe), Novi Sad, Serbia, 10-12 October 2022","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981325931","https://openalex.org/W1997095165","https://openalex.org/W2085434887","https://openalex.org/W2116100905","https://openalex.org/W2337525227","https://openalex.org/W2743678626","https://openalex.org/W2889451348","https://openalex.org/W2912386632","https://openalex.org/W2950426646","https://openalex.org/W3026692275","https://openalex.org/W3112899298","https://openalex.org/W3136279489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387918499","https://openalex.org/W2772112465","https://openalex.org/W4386360526","https://openalex.org/W2368710903","https://openalex.org/W2158905603","https://openalex.org/W2766105476","https://openalex.org/W2735171729","https://openalex.org/W2769254131","https://openalex.org/W2091556092","https://openalex.org/W2908395774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Malicious":[0],"attacks":[1,33],"in":[2,11,21,78,143,172],"the":[3,40,69,79,84,113,135,140,150,164,173],"cyber-physical":[4],"power":[5,141],"systems":[6],"(CPPS)":[7],"can":[8,133],"eventually":[9],"result":[10],"cascading":[12],"failure":[13],"and":[14,112],"even":[15],"widespread":[16],"blackout,":[17],"if":[18],"not":[19],"rectified":[20],"a":[22,60,89,169],"timely":[23],"manner.":[24],"The":[25,158],"probability":[26],"of":[27,29,31,42,63,74,87,139,176],"success":[28,174],"most":[30],"these":[32],"mainly":[34],"depends":[35],"on":[36],"their":[37],"timeliness,":[38],"as":[39],"degree":[41],"system":[43,142],"vulnerabilities":[44],"varies":[45],"from":[46],"time":[47,49,86],"to":[48,82,101,149],"by":[50,126,163],"changing":[51],"its":[52],"operating":[53,137],"state.":[54],"In":[55,92],"this":[56],"paper,":[57],"we":[58],"propose":[59],"new":[61],"denial":[62],"service":[64],"(DoS)":[65],"attack":[66],"strategy":[67],"where":[68],"attackers":[70,151],"leverage":[71],"learning":[72],"capabilities":[73],"convolutional":[75],"neural":[76],"networks":[77],"encrypted":[80],"domain":[81],"forecast":[83],"optimal":[85],"launching":[88],"DoS":[90,156,177],"attack.":[91,157],"our":[93],"simulations":[94],"Internet":[95],"Protocol":[96],"Security":[97],"(IPsec)":[98],"is":[99,118,161],"used":[100],"secure":[102],"communication":[103,124],"channels":[104,125],"between":[105],"phasor":[106,109],"measurement":[107],"units,":[108],"data":[110],"concentrators,":[111],"regional/national":[114],"control":[115],"center.":[116],"It":[117],"illustrated":[119],"that,":[120],"despite":[121],"providing":[122],"confidential":[123],"IPsec-based":[127],"security":[128],"gateways,":[129],"an":[130,147,154],"attacker":[131],"still":[132],"estimate":[134],"future":[136],"state":[138],"advance.":[144],"This":[145],"gives":[146],"opportunity":[148],"for":[152],"initiating":[153],"effective":[155],"proposed":[159],"method":[160],"validated":[162],"simulation":[165],"results,":[166],"which":[167],"show":[168],"significant":[170],"increase":[171],"rate":[175],"attacks.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
