{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396917911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isdfs60797.2024.10527286","title":"Ensemble Learning Model for Face Swap Detection","display_name":"Ensemble Learning Model for Face Swap Detection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396917911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isdfs60797.2024.10527286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isdfs60797.2024.10527286","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isdfs60797.2024.10527286","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 12th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security (ISDFS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059047296","display_name":"Khouloud Samrouth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-2024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090878","display_name":"Arab Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/00d260p98","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090878","https://openalex.org/I4210093932"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khouloud Samrouth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab Open University,Faculty of Computer Studies,Beirut,Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab Open University,Faculty of Computer Studies,Beirut,Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038179388","display_name":"Nicolas Beuve","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1371-4016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Beuve","raw_affiliation_strings":["IETR INSA de Rennes,Rennes,France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IETR INSA de Rennes,Rennes,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031377954","display_name":"Olivier D\u00e9forges","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0750-0959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivier Deforges","raw_affiliation_strings":["IETR INSA de Rennes,Rennes,France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IETR INSA de Rennes,Rennes,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007787494","display_name":"Nader Bakir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5786-4248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36314861","display_name":"Beirut Arab University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jya5567","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36314861"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nader Bakir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beirut Arab University,Faculty of Science,Tripoli,Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beirut Arab University,Faculty of Science,Tripoli,Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36314861"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084205574","display_name":"Wassim Hamidouche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0143-1756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100151","display_name":"Institut d'\u00c9lectronique et des Technologies du num\u00e9Rique","ror":"https://ror.org/013q33h79","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210100151","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wassim Hamidouche","raw_affiliation_strings":["IETR INSA de Rennes,Rennes,France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IETR INSA de Rennes,Rennes,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210100151"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2074,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43607041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8282267451286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7410480976104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swap","display_name":"Swap (finance)","score":0.6047650575637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5188197493553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.512409508228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.47938016057014465}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8282267451286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7410480976104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99821215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136583","display_name":"Swap (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6047650575637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5188197493553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.512409508228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.47938016057014465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isdfs60797.2024.10527286","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isdfs60797.2024.10527286","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 12th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security (ISDFS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04596468v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04596468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2024 12th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security (ISDFS), Apr 2024, San Antonio, United States. &#x27E8;10.1109/isdfs60797.2024.10527286&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2294437627","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2608058963","https://openalex.org/W2774037436","https://openalex.org/W2891145043","https://openalex.org/W2898877033","https://openalex.org/W2911424785","https://openalex.org/W2914447220","https://openalex.org/W2942074357","https://openalex.org/W2950098109","https://openalex.org/W2969249541","https://openalex.org/W2970602317","https://openalex.org/W2982058372","https://openalex.org/W2995481985","https://openalex.org/W3117924653","https://openalex.org/W3135809943","https://openalex.org/W3182306886","https://openalex.org/W4214876496","https://openalex.org/W4288102863","https://openalex.org/W4385481800","https://openalex.org/W6684907601","https://openalex.org/W6756046522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deepfake":[0,127,168],"videos":[1],"become":[2],"now":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,11,23,29,56,62,97,114,126,152,167,174],"the":[6,53,57,81,111,122,141,146,163],"top":[7],"research":[8],"topics":[9],"because":[10],"their":[12,72],"high":[13],"spreading":[14],"rate":[15],"on":[16,139],"social":[17,54],"media.":[18],"Faceswap,":[19],"a":[20,33,67],"particular":[21,101],"type":[22],"Deepfake,":[24],"consists":[25],"in":[26,32,80,104],"swapping":[27,37],"faces":[28],"two":[30,116,143,147],"persons":[31],"video.":[34],"Hence,":[35],"face":[36],"can":[38],"have":[39],"malicious":[40],"uses,":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"falsifying":[44],"privacy,":[45],"interfering":[46],"with":[47],"political":[48],"campaigns,":[49],"terrorism,":[50],"and":[51,86,91,119,124,165],"threatening":[52],"stability":[55],"countries.":[58],"Thus,":[59],"early":[60],"detection":[61,78,169],"this":[63,105],"fake":[64],"content":[65,128],"is":[66],"primary":[68],"task":[69],"to":[70,109,120,170],"limit":[71],"spread.":[73],"Multiple":[74],"approaches":[75,99,118,151],"for":[76],"DeepFake":[77],"exist":[79],"literature.":[82],"The":[83],"most":[84,149],"recent":[85,117,150],"best":[87,112,142],"ones":[88],"are":[89],"Identity-Aware":[90],"Mesoscopic":[92],"features-based":[93],"approaches.":[94],"However,":[95],"each":[96],"these":[98,115],"presents":[100],"limitations.":[102],"Therefore,":[103],"paper,":[106],"we":[107,132],"propose":[108,133],"take":[110],"out":[113],"optimize":[121],"performance":[123,164],"robustness":[125,166],"detection.":[129,153],"In":[130],"particular,":[131],"an":[134,172],"Ensemble":[135],"Learning":[136],"model":[137,161],"based":[138],"combining":[140],"methods":[144],"from":[145],"aforementioned":[148],"Our":[154],"experiments":[155],"show":[156],"that":[157],"our":[158],"proposed":[159],"ensemble":[160],"improved":[162],"reach":[171],"accuracy":[173],"95%.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
