{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978940926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isda.2012.6416647","title":"Neutral-independent geometric features for facial expression recognition","display_name":"Neutral-independent geometric features for facial expression recognition","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978940926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isda.2012.6416647","mag":"1978940926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isda.2012.6416647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isda.2012.6416647","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 12th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anwar Saeed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anwar Saeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39106, P.O. Box 4210 Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39106, P.O. Box 4210 Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033366160","display_name":"Ayoub Al-Hamadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3632-2402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayoub Al-Hamadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39106, P.O. Box 4210 Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39106, P.O. Box 4210 Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008843030","display_name":"Robert Niese","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Niese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39106, P.O. Box 4210 Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications (IESK), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, D-39106, P.O. Box 4210 Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8867,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73375576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"842","last_page":"846"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"Sadness","score":0.7934952974319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.7920754551887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7188093662261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.7022966146469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disgust","display_name":"Disgust","score":0.6617439985275269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surprise","display_name":"Surprise","score":0.6583621501922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5061962008476257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.49606356024742126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"Anger","score":0.46978560090065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.42794036865234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37515905499458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1507158875465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.11077752709388733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.7934952974319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.7920754551887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7188093662261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.7022966146469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777375102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208351","display_name":"Disgust","level":3,"score":0.6617439985275269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780343955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333173","display_name":"Surprise","level":2,"score":0.6583621501922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5061962008476257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.49606356024742126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.46978560090065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.42794036865234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37515905499458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1507158875465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.11077752709388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isda.2012.6416647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isda.2012.6416647","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 12th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968600824","https://openalex.org/W1977536387","https://openalex.org/W2032558548","https://openalex.org/W2049456899","https://openalex.org/W2082551250","https://openalex.org/W2103943262","https://openalex.org/W2116277445","https://openalex.org/W2118877769","https://openalex.org/W2152705104","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2542323081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365519294","https://openalex.org/W4238520549","https://openalex.org/W3031187173","https://openalex.org/W3216173459","https://openalex.org/W2794357331","https://openalex.org/W4242611441","https://openalex.org/W3135436127","https://openalex.org/W2805647211","https://openalex.org/W3179181153","https://openalex.org/W2100930849"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Improving":[0],"Human-Computer":[1],"Interaction":[2],"(HCI)":[3],"necessitates":[4],"building":[5],"an":[6],"efficient":[7],"human":[8,37,91],"emotion":[9,83,153],"recognition":[10,154],"approach":[11,115,136],"that":[12,116],"involves":[13,90],"various":[14],"modalities":[15],"such":[16],"as":[17,58],"facial":[18,47,54,101,122,147],"expressions,":[19],"hand":[20,63],"gestures,":[21],"acoustic":[22],"data,":[23],"and":[24,44,124],"biophysiological":[25],"data.":[26],"In":[27,49],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30,69,133,141],"address":[31],"the":[32,35,62,77,82,86,129,143,146],"perception":[33],"of":[34,76,112,128,145],"universal":[36],"emotions":[38],"(happy,":[39],"surprise,":[40],"anger,":[41],"disgust,":[42],"fear,":[43],"sadness)":[45],"from":[46,97,120],"expressions.":[48],"our":[50,135,152],"companion-based":[51],"assistant":[52],"system,":[53],"expression":[55],"is":[56],"considered":[57],"complementary":[59],"aspect":[60],"to":[61,80],"gestures.":[64],"Unlike":[65],"many":[66],"other":[67],"approaches,":[68],"do":[70],"not":[71],"rely":[72],"on":[73,137,151],"prior":[74,126],"knowledge":[75,127],"neutral":[78,87,130],"state":[79,88],"infer":[81],"because":[84],"annotating":[85],"usually":[89],"intervention.":[92],"We":[93],"use":[94],"features":[95,118],"extracted":[96],"just":[98],"eight":[99],"fiducial":[100],"points.":[102],"Our":[103],"results":[104],"are":[105],"in":[106],"a":[107,113],"good":[108],"agreement":[109],"with":[110],"those":[111],"state-of-the-art":[114],"exploits":[117],"derived":[119],"68":[121],"points":[123,148],"requires":[125],"state.":[131],"Then,":[132],"evaluate":[134],"two":[138],"databases.":[139],"Finally,":[140],"investigate":[142],"influence":[144],"detection":[149],"error":[150],"approach.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
