{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319781651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp57327.2022.10038064","title":"Prediction of Depression Severity Based on Transformer Encoder and CNN Model","display_name":"Prediction of Depression Severity Based on Transformer Encoder and CNN Model","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319781651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp57327.2022.10038064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp57327.2022.10038064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp57327.2022.10038064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607181","display_name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008780061","display_name":"Jiahao Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15062923","display_name":"Tianjin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2td559","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Normal University,College of Computer and Information Engineering,Tianjin,China","College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China","National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Normal University,College of Computer and Information Engineering,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395562","display_name":"Bin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1529-1552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001973434","display_name":"Zheng Lian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-0599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Lian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102824863","display_name":"Cong Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7911-6118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China","School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112613657","display_name":"Jianhua Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-6428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097554","display_name":"Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00vpwhm04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210097554"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Beijing, China","National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China","School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, CAS,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052655362","display_name":"Ziping Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-6389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15062923","display_name":"Tianjin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2td559","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziping Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Normal University,College of Computer and Information Engineering,Tianjin,China","College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Normal University,College of Computer and Information Engineering,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"339","last_page":"343"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.7469465136528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.72123783826828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6307835578918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-absolute-error","display_name":"Mean absolute error","score":0.5588304400444031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.552409291267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4514738917350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.41401752829551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3438377380371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2300669252872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14447373151779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1008715033531189}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.7469465136528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.72123783826828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6307835578918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188154048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803609","display_name":"Mean absolute error","level":3,"score":0.5588304400444031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.552409291267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4514738917350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.41401752829551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3438377380371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2300669252872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14447373151779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1008715033531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp57327.2022.10038064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp57327.2022.10038064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607181","display_name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501938637","https://openalex.org/W1966203745","https://openalex.org/W1972723949","https://openalex.org/W2015645277","https://openalex.org/W2023687307","https://openalex.org/W2057393928","https://openalex.org/W2087589285","https://openalex.org/W2090777335","https://openalex.org/W2095176743","https://openalex.org/W2141765570","https://openalex.org/W2239141610","https://openalex.org/W2252180568","https://openalex.org/W2293612800","https://openalex.org/W2346454595","https://openalex.org/W2530421149","https://openalex.org/W2531271152","https://openalex.org/W2765540322","https://openalex.org/W2889056793","https://openalex.org/W2962762902","https://openalex.org/W3010709346","https://openalex.org/W3095858789","https://openalex.org/W3161724753","https://openalex.org/W3163737630","https://openalex.org/W3197466182","https://openalex.org/W3200946425","https://openalex.org/W3206733826","https://openalex.org/W4224924082","https://openalex.org/W4235190452","https://openalex.org/W6691669583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247388746","https://openalex.org/W2314720829","https://openalex.org/W3178576217","https://openalex.org/W4221063543","https://openalex.org/W4285794683","https://openalex.org/W4286256617","https://openalex.org/W4385195237","https://openalex.org/W4362673848","https://openalex.org/W4281799626","https://openalex.org/W4318676890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Depression":[0],"is":[1,19,31,64,90],"one":[2],"of":[3,71,105,117,126],"the":[4,68,76,98,103,106],"most":[5,58],"common":[6],"mental":[7],"health":[8],"disorders":[9],"and":[10,23,34,55,88,119],"can":[11],"lead":[12],"to":[13,21,41,51,66,75,92],"suicide":[14],"in":[15],"extreme":[16],"cases.":[17],"It":[18],"crucial":[20],"develop":[22,42],"design":[24],"an":[25],"automatic":[26,43],"depression":[27,44],"detection(ADD)":[28],"model":[29,84],"that":[30,102],"objective,":[32],"effective,":[33],"robust.":[35],"Many":[36],"works":[37],"have":[38],"been":[39],"done":[40],"detection":[45],"systems":[46],"using":[47],"speech":[48],"data":[49],"due":[50,74],"its":[52],"easy":[53],"accessibility":[54],"privacy.":[56],"Although":[57],"current":[59],"methods":[60],"use":[61],"RNN,":[62],"it":[63],"difficult":[65],"capture":[67],"long-term":[69],"dependence":[70],"depressed":[72],"audio":[73],"gradient":[77],"explosion/vanish.":[78],"In":[79],"this":[80,94],"paper,":[81],"a":[82,112,120],"novel":[83],"combining":[85],"Transformer":[86],"Encoder":[87],"CNN":[89],"proposed":[91],"address":[93],"problem.":[95],"Experiments":[96],"on":[97],"DAIC-WOZ":[99],"dataset":[100],"show":[101],"performance":[104],"algorithm":[107],"has":[108],"improved":[109],"considerably,":[110],"with":[111],"mean":[113,122],"absolute":[114],"error":[115,124],"(MAE)":[116],"4.48":[118],"root":[121],"square":[123],"(RMSE)":[125],"5.37.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
