{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134452494","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp49672.2021.9362094","title":"Production of Tone 3 Sandhi by Advanced Korean Learners of Mandarin","display_name":"Production of Tone 3 Sandhi by Advanced Korean Learners of Mandarin","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134452494","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp49672.2021.9362094","mag":"3134452494"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp49672.2021.9362094","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp49672.2021.9362094","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101543578","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0881-0616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046489029","display_name":"Yin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2727-109X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018966652","display_name":"Yunheng Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016476138","display_name":"Linxin Yi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linxin Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067048882","display_name":"Yuming Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071836863","display_name":"Min Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0239-3392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101543578"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02359373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandarin-chinese","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","score":0.9642171859741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tone","display_name":"Tone (literature)","score":0.6963728666305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6467164754867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5877901315689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.4815285801887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.4812888205051422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3730211853981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3519957661628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2959906756877899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08882924914360046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138954614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9192","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","level":2,"score":0.9642171859741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780583480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366327","display_name":"Tone (literature)","level":2,"score":0.6963728666305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6467164754867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5877901315689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4815285801887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4812888205051422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3730211853981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3519957661628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2959906756877899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08882924914360046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp49672.2021.9362094","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp49672.2021.9362094","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328759","display_name":"Shanghai Office of Philosophy and Social Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsqp06"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W850345920","https://openalex.org/W1968085961","https://openalex.org/W2038784064","https://openalex.org/W2039450380","https://openalex.org/W2072018110","https://openalex.org/W2094470668","https://openalex.org/W2160780129","https://openalex.org/W2161845184","https://openalex.org/W2172199324","https://openalex.org/W2184114248","https://openalex.org/W2193681793","https://openalex.org/W2282579512","https://openalex.org/W2294465283","https://openalex.org/W2335853994","https://openalex.org/W2621377385","https://openalex.org/W2782374269","https://openalex.org/W2985431662","https://openalex.org/W2990278625","https://openalex.org/W3200634688","https://openalex.org/W3216401400","https://openalex.org/W4235081814","https://openalex.org/W4299839494","https://openalex.org/W4390926512","https://openalex.org/W6623402868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393887907","https://openalex.org/W2347443630","https://openalex.org/W2388826840","https://openalex.org/W2481138693","https://openalex.org/W2379831327","https://openalex.org/W2386691339","https://openalex.org/W2163874654","https://openalex.org/W156219719","https://openalex.org/W2365805939","https://openalex.org/W2287147624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"studies":[1],"have":[2],"found":[3,132],"that":[4,61,141,167],"native":[5,80,143],"Mandarin":[6,36,66,81,114,144,153,181],"speakers":[7,118],"produce":[8,38,67,119,180],"T3":[9,39,68,94,110,120,130],"sandhi":[10,17,24,40,69,95,111,121,129,161,172],"in":[11,41,70,74,97,122,137],"a":[12,42,71,123],"non-neutralized":[13,77],"way,":[14,73,125],"with":[15,149],"the":[16,92,105,109,156,160,177],"tone":[18,158],"not":[19],"fully":[20],"merged":[21],"into":[22],"its":[23],"target.":[25],"This":[26,83,164],"makes":[27],"it":[28],"interesting":[29],"to":[30,76,87,104,133],"investigate":[31],"whether":[32],"advanced":[33,62,169],"learners":[34,64],"of":[35,65,91,108,128,142,152,159],"will":[37],"similar":[43],"or":[44],"different":[45],"way":[46,178],"as":[47,49,102],"well":[48],"reasons":[50],"underlying":[51],"it.":[52],"Results":[53],"from":[54],"this":[55,146],"carefully":[56],"controlled":[57],"experimental":[58],"study":[59],"show":[60],"Korean":[63,88,117],"neutralized":[72,124],"contrast":[75],"production":[78,127,151,173],"by":[79,113,176],"speakers.":[82,115],"is":[84,131,147,174],"probably":[85],"due":[86],"speakers'":[89],"learning":[90,100,107],"explicit":[93],"rule":[96,112],"their":[98,126,150],"L2":[99,170],"program,":[101],"compared":[103],"implicit":[106],"Though":[116],"be":[134],"overall":[135],"flatter":[136],"f0":[138],"curve":[139],"than":[140],"speakers;":[145],"consistent":[148],"lexical":[154,182],"T2,":[155],"base":[157],"target":[162],"T2.":[163],"finding":[165],"suggests":[166],"these":[168],"learners'":[171],"restrained":[175],"they":[179],"tones.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}