{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1966821176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2014.6936683","title":"Modeling inter-cluster and intra-cluster discrimination among triphones","display_name":"Modeling inter-cluster and intra-cluster discrimination among triphones","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1966821176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2014.6936683","mag":"1966821176"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp.2014.6936683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2014.6936683","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 9th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038062913","display_name":"Tom Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-8961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tom Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059141717","display_name":"Brian Mak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-5555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Mak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004048913","display_name":"Dongpeng Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongpeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038062913"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04640207,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"103","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.9281139373779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.7023200988769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6870173811912537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5606858730316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5424394011497498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tying","display_name":"Tying","score":0.5238770842552185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5213102698326111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basis","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","score":0.47376540303230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.462552011013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.45546823740005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4318609833717346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4200112521648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.34074780344963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18917256593704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09054514765739441}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.9281139373779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.7023200988769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6870173811912537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5606858730316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5424394011497498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780938662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q973710","display_name":"Tying","level":2,"score":0.5238770842552185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5213102698326111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.47376540303230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.462552011013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.45546823740005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4318609833717346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4200112521648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34074780344963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18917256593704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09054514765739441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp.2014.6936683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2014.6936683","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 9th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-64459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-84912073425&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206545267","https://openalex.org/W943204654","https://openalex.org/W1521184473","https://openalex.org/W1805340023","https://openalex.org/W2003123121","https://openalex.org/W2047098820","https://openalex.org/W2063541597","https://openalex.org/W2101965210","https://openalex.org/W2116952749","https://openalex.org/W2121178390","https://openalex.org/W2142873456","https://openalex.org/W2147794814","https://openalex.org/W2150907703","https://openalex.org/W2151402979","https://openalex.org/W2154892601","https://openalex.org/W2158069733","https://openalex.org/W2160510045","https://openalex.org/W2162271246","https://openalex.org/W2165108269","https://openalex.org/W2405215422","https://openalex.org/W3149335959","https://openalex.org/W4236088841","https://openalex.org/W6608450475","https://openalex.org/W6675169660"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998037107","https://openalex.org/W1569871744","https://openalex.org/W2379437105","https://openalex.org/W2016024526","https://openalex.org/W3139928442","https://openalex.org/W1567336638","https://openalex.org/W3124892642","https://openalex.org/W3125367266","https://openalex.org/W1654902617","https://openalex.org/W3123380490"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Discriminative":[0],"training":[1,34,124],"is":[2,139,151],"a":[3,31,61,101,105,135],"major":[4],"contribution":[5],"to":[6,43,141,161],"the":[7,15,44,52,70,83,90,118,145,154,163,168,172,177,183],"success":[8],"of":[9,54,89,107,167],"automatic":[10],"speech":[11],"recognition":[12],"(ASR)":[13],"in":[14,30,171],"last":[16],"decade.":[17],"However,":[18],"since":[19],"most":[20],"ASR":[21],"systems":[22],"employ":[23],"state":[24,143],"tying":[25],"which":[26,109],"ties":[27],"`similar'":[28],"states":[29,41,73,92,170],"cluster,":[32,144],"discriminative":[33,123],"may":[35],"only":[36],"improve":[37],"inter-cluster":[38],"discrimination,":[39],"but":[40,76],"belonging":[42],"same":[45],"cluster":[46,95,148],"obviously":[47],"cannot":[48],"be":[49],"distinguished.":[50],"Recently,":[51],"concept":[53],"distinct":[55,169],"acoustic":[56,63],"modeling":[57,64,131,160],"was":[58],"investigated":[59],"by":[60,100,122,129,158],"new":[62,71],"method":[65],"called":[66,112],"eigentriphone":[67,130,159],"modeling.":[68],"In":[69,134],"method,":[72],"are":[74,98,110,132,186],"grouped,":[75],"not":[77],"tied,":[78],"into":[79],"separate":[80],"clusters,":[81],"and":[82,93,125],"difference":[84,155],"vectors":[85,88,156,166],"between":[86],"mean":[87,165],"member":[91],"their":[94],"center":[96,149],"vector":[97,150],"modeled":[99],"basis":[102],"approach":[103],"using":[104],"set":[106],"eigenvectors":[108],"also":[111],"eigentriphones.":[113],"This":[114],"paper":[115],"investigates":[116],"whether":[117],"intercluster":[119],"discrimination":[120,127],"achieved":[121],"intra-cluster":[126],"obtained":[128],"additive.":[133,188],"simple":[136],"procedure":[137],"that":[138,182],"applied":[140],"each":[142],"discriminatively":[146],"trained":[147,157],"integrated":[152],"with":[153],"construct":[162],"final":[164],"cluster.":[173],"Experimental":[174],"evaluation":[175],"on":[176],"WSJ0":[178],"5K":[179],"task":[180],"shows":[181],"two":[184],"techniques":[185],"indeed":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
