{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985773803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2010.5684914","title":"Phonetic clustering based confidence measure for embedded speech recognition","display_name":"Phonetic clustering based confidence measure for embedded speech recognition","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985773803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2010.5684914","mag":"1985773803"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp.2010.5684914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2010.5684914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 7th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430099","display_name":"Zhiguo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3686-6220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Guo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331555","display_name":"Cong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8624-4126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101930588","display_name":"Hai\u2010Kun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7577-3268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai-Kun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101816319","display_name":"Yu Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6302-3539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109962012","display_name":"Li-R Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li-R Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USTC iFLYTEK Speech Lab, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"186","last_page":"189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8041656017303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.7985625863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7305707931518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6667451858520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandarin-chinese","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","score":0.5581318140029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4479760229587555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.4364812970161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.42045271396636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33810126781463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3276418447494507}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8041656017303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.7985625863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7305707931518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6667451858520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138954614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9192","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","level":2,"score":0.5581318140029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4479760229587555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4364812970161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.42045271396636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33810126781463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3276418447494507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscslp.2010.5684914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2010.5684914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 7th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97199424","https://openalex.org/W192503944","https://openalex.org/W854561988","https://openalex.org/W1768248362","https://openalex.org/W2034537249","https://openalex.org/W2116375618","https://openalex.org/W2117821589","https://openalex.org/W2134659216","https://openalex.org/W3194655066","https://openalex.org/W6603944170","https://openalex.org/W6607868900","https://openalex.org/W6623597581","https://openalex.org/W6677631242"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374317326","https://openalex.org/W2990005675","https://openalex.org/W1603321096","https://openalex.org/W2394766824","https://openalex.org/W2078713291","https://openalex.org/W2361574037","https://openalex.org/W2386292991","https://openalex.org/W2364440891","https://openalex.org/W2393726922","https://openalex.org/W2366752344"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Word":[0],"posterior":[1],"probability":[2],"(WPP)":[3],"based":[4,101,104,134],"confidence":[5,102],"measure":[6],"(CM)":[7],"has":[8],"been":[9],"applied":[10],"successfully":[11],"in":[12,20,47,61,163],"LVCSR":[13],"tasks.":[14],"However,":[15],"for":[16,90,115,127],"embedded":[17,91],"speech":[18],"recognition":[19,148],"which":[21],"system":[22],"resource":[23],"is":[24,50,113,175],"limited,":[25],"not":[26],"only":[27],"performance":[28,87],"of":[29,34,42,56,98,172],"CM":[30,129,164,173],"but":[31],"also":[32],"efficiency":[33,89,159],"the":[35,43,57,70,136,152,158],"algorithm":[36],"need":[37],"to":[38,52,68,82],"be":[39,132],"considered.":[40],"One":[41],"most":[44],"important":[45],"issue":[46],"calculating":[48,128],"WPP":[49,100],"how":[51],"obtain":[53],"reliable":[54],"estimation":[55],"normalization":[58,71],"term.":[59],"So":[60],"this":[62],"paper":[63],"we":[64,93],"investigate":[65],"several":[66],"methods":[67,76],"estimate":[69],"term":[72],"and":[73,88,124,146],"focus":[74],"on":[75,105,135,141],"using":[77],"different":[78,120,142],"phone-based":[79],"grammar.":[80],"Furthermore,":[81],"make":[83],"good":[84],"trade-off":[85],"between":[86],"system,":[92],"present":[94],"a":[95],"general":[96],"approach":[97],"estimating":[99],"score":[103,130],"data-driven":[106],"phonetic":[107],"clustering,":[108],"where":[109,166],"Kullback-Leibler":[110],"divergence":[111],"(KLD)":[112],"employed":[114],"grouping":[116],"all":[117],"phones":[118],"into":[119],"clusters.":[121],"Corresponding":[122],"acoustic":[123],"language":[125],"models":[126],"can":[131,155],"re-trained":[133],"clustering":[137],"phones.":[138],"Experimental":[139],"results":[140],"Mandarin":[143],"command":[144],"word":[145],"digit":[147],"tasks":[149],"show":[150],"that":[151],"proposed":[153],"method":[154],"significantly":[156],"improve":[157],"with":[160],"little":[161],"degradation":[162],"performance,":[165],"more":[167],"than":[168],"90%":[169],"processing":[170],"time":[171],"module":[174],"saved.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}