{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990902916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscit.2019.8905233","title":"Frequency Shift Keying Radar for Ground Object Detection in GNU-Radio with USRP","display_name":"Frequency Shift Keying Radar for Ground Object Detection in GNU-Radio with USRP","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990902916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscit.2019.8905233","mag":"2990902916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscit.2019.8905233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscit.2019.8905233","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 19th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018450226","display_name":"Daryl P. Pongcol","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24245652","display_name":"Mindanao State University \u2013 Iligan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qemyc07","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daryl P. Pongcol","raw_affiliation_strings":["MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009601239","display_name":"Olga Joy L. Gerasta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8378-0983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24245652","display_name":"Mindanao State University \u2013 Iligan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qemyc07","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olga Joy L. Gerasta","raw_affiliation_strings":["MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045324488","display_name":"Jesrey Martin S. Macasero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0090-8519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24245652","display_name":"Mindanao State University \u2013 Iligan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qemyc07","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesrey Martin S. Macasero","raw_affiliation_strings":["MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079794966","display_name":"Vrian Jay Ylaya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24245652","display_name":"Mindanao State University \u2013 Iligan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qemyc07","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vrian Jay V. Ylaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001935163","display_name":"Najie M. Pandian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24245652","display_name":"Mindanao State University \u2013 Iligan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qemyc07","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Najie M. Pandian","raw_affiliation_strings":["MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065376415","display_name":"Aileen B. Caberos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-6899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24245652","display_name":"Mindanao State University \u2013 Iligan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qemyc07","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aileen B. Caberos","raw_affiliation_strings":["MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology,Iligan City,Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018450226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24245652"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4279,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66146769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"442","last_page":"447"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-shift-keying","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","score":0.9137966632843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-software-radio-peripheral","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","score":0.7943617105484009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-radio","display_name":"Software-defined radio","score":0.6265826225280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5555551052093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5459025502204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.4432713985443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3991013169288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.39277687668800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3194074332714081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21521300077438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.11546507477760315}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163996819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166054","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.9137966632843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192220659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1245659","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","level":3,"score":0.7943617105484009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171115542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331892","display_name":"Software-defined radio","level":2,"score":0.6265826225280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5555551052093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5459025502204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.4432713985443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3991013169288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.39277687668800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3194074332714081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21521300077438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.11546507477760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscit.2019.8905233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscit.2019.8905233","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 19th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1191005001","https://openalex.org/W2282229428","https://openalex.org/W2414003462","https://openalex.org/W2416032919","https://openalex.org/W2608832604","https://openalex.org/W2739969795","https://openalex.org/W2760936928","https://openalex.org/W2778399878","https://openalex.org/W2921119029","https://openalex.org/W2921422540","https://openalex.org/W6716242079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251089492","https://openalex.org/W2993899695","https://openalex.org/W2886621694","https://openalex.org/W2540432762","https://openalex.org/W2127011572","https://openalex.org/W1622326982","https://openalex.org/W2354005007","https://openalex.org/W208897493","https://openalex.org/W117117353","https://openalex.org/W2048387591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"is":[2],"about":[3],"the":[4,27,63,70,73,94,110,124],"implementation":[5],"of":[6,109],"a":[7,49,101],"ground":[8,28,111],"penetrating":[9,112],"radar":[10,50],"in":[11,38,93,120],"GNU-Radio,":[12],"an":[13],"open-source":[14],"software":[15],"defined":[16],"radio":[17],"(SDR)":[18],"platform.":[19],"High-powered,":[20],"low-frequency":[21],"electromagnetic":[22],"pulses":[23],"are":[24,32],"transmitted":[25],"on":[26],"and":[29,36,85],"reflected":[30],"signals":[31],"then":[33],"processed,":[34],"displayed":[35],"analyzed":[37],"real-time":[39,107],"to":[40,47,90,105,122],"characterize":[41],"buried":[42],"objects.":[43],"The":[44,97,114],"method":[45],"used":[46,60,119],"implement":[48,91,123],"was":[51,118],"Frequency":[52],"Shift":[53],"Keying":[54],"(FSK).":[55],"Open-source":[56],"GNU-Radio":[57],"modules":[58],"were":[59],"together":[61],"with":[62,100],"digital":[64],"signal":[65],"processing":[66],"blocks":[67],"developed":[68],"by":[69],"researchers":[71],"including":[72],"\"FSK":[74,77],"Preprocessing":[75],"Block\",":[76,79],"Estimator":[78],"\"Blanked":[80],"Wave":[81],"Source\",":[82],"\"Reflection":[83],"Simulator\",":[84],"\"Qt":[86],"FSK":[87,92,125],"Plot":[88],"Sink\"":[89],"SDR":[95],"framework.":[96],"output":[98],"comes":[99],"Linux":[102],"desktop":[103],"application":[104],"display":[106],"plots":[108],"radar.":[113],"USRP":[115],"B210":[116],"device":[117],"order":[121],"system.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}