{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2113417105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217812","title":"Authentication and scrambling of radio frequency signals using reversible watermarking","display_name":"Authentication and scrambling of radio frequency signals using reversible watermarking","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2113417105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217812","mag":"2113417105"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217812","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 5th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063235182","display_name":"Muhammad Kashif Samee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Kashif Samee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Processing Laboratory, Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","Information Processing Lab, Dortmund University of Technology Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, Dortmund 44227, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Laboratory, Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Lab, Dortmund University of Technology Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, Dortmund 44227, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066446625","display_name":"Jan Geldmacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0913-692X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Geldmacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Processing Laboratory, Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","Information Processing Lab, Dortmund University of Technology Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, Dortmund 44227, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Laboratory, Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Lab, Dortmund University of Technology Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, Dortmund 44227, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068724358","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen G\u00f6tze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7585-0657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jurgen Gotze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Processing Laboratory, Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","Information Processing Lab, Dortmund University of Technology Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, Dortmund 44227, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Laboratory, Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Lab, Dortmund University of Technology Otto-Hahn-Str. 4, Dortmund 44227, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063235182"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69942642,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.9448724985122681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.9340978264808655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scrambling","display_name":"Scrambling","score":0.782364010810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.745920717716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.731691837310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5862388014793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4884597361087799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.42969974875450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.33949458599090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.27265939116477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2651897072792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26049453020095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2027875781059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.16512125730514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1191895604133606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.9448724985122681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.9340978264808655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182548165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2261483","display_name":"Scrambling","level":2,"score":0.782364010810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.745920717716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.731691837310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5862388014793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4884597361087799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.42969974875450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33949458599090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.27265939116477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2651897072792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26049453020095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2027875781059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.16512125730514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1191895604133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217812","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 5th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W1984395123","https://openalex.org/W2021237643","https://openalex.org/W2103954203","https://openalex.org/W2107852480","https://openalex.org/W2154204323","https://openalex.org/W2154890510","https://openalex.org/W6631010521"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2136651803","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"watermarking":[1,16,31],"is":[2,41,45,52,61,72],"a":[3,30],"well":[4],"known":[5],"technique":[6],"used":[7],"for":[8,33],"copy":[9],"rights":[10],"protection":[11],"of":[12,21,37],"multimedia":[13],"data.":[14],"Reversible":[15],"techniques":[17],"allow":[18],"the":[19,83],"restoration":[20],"original":[22],"data,":[23],"after":[24],"watermark":[25,60,71,84,98],"detection.":[26],"In":[27,56],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"scheme":[32,44],"physical":[34],"layer":[35],"authentication":[36],"radio":[38],"frequency":[39],"signals":[40],"presented.":[42],"This":[43],"blind,":[46],"robust":[47],"and":[48,50],"reversible":[49],"it":[51],"based":[53],"on":[54],"CDMA.":[55],"proposed":[57],"algorithm,":[58],"spreaded":[59],"arithmetically":[62],"added":[63],"to":[64],"modulated":[65],"signal":[66],"before":[67,74],"transmission.":[68],"At":[69],"receiver,":[70],"extracted,":[73],"demodulation,":[75],"by":[76],"using":[77,92],"spreading":[78,94],"codes":[79],"only.":[80],"After":[81],"extraction,":[82],"can":[85,99],"be":[86],"removed":[87],"from":[88],"watermarked":[89],"data":[90],"only":[91],"same":[93],"codes.":[95],"High":[96],"intensity":[97],"also":[100],"serve":[101],"as":[102],"scrambler.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
