{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2089507792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217807","title":"Reversible data embedding for any digital signal","display_name":"Reversible data embedding for any digital signal","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2089507792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217807","mag":"2089507792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217807","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217807","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 5th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005539321","display_name":"Mustafa S. Abdul Karim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-7009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa S. Abdul Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, MY","Faculty of Comp. Science & Info. Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, MY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Comp. Science & Info. Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069916756","display_name":"KokSheik Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4893-2291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kok Sheik Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Comp. Science & Info. Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Comp. Science & Info. Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101441960","display_name":"Kiyoshi Tanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-6015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137975476","display_name":"Shinshu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0244rem06","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiyoshi Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan","Faculty of Engineering; Shinshu University; Nagano Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering; Shinshu University; Nagano Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005539321"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2745,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59255356,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.8711366057395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7417211532592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.7288569211959839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6647365093231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-significant-bit","display_name":"Least significant bit","score":0.5511821508407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-word","display_name":"Code word","score":0.5322772264480591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal","display_name":"Digital signal","score":0.4838823080062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4528459310531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.41090840101242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.3117668628692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2871720492839813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17523697018623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.1074654757976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.10290089249610901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10276100039482117}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.8711366057395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7417211532592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.7288569211959839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6647365093231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4305246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885225","display_name":"Least significant bit","level":2,"score":0.5511821508407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153207627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863873","display_name":"Code word","level":3,"score":0.5322772264480591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52773712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175022","display_name":"Digital signal","level":3,"score":0.4838823080062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4528459310531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.41090840101242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.3117668628692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2871720492839813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17523697018623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.1074654757976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.10290089249610901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10276100039482117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217807","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isccsp.2012.6217807","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 5th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1760530029","https://openalex.org/W1828713563","https://openalex.org/W2016597658","https://openalex.org/W2053142874","https://openalex.org/W2094235786","https://openalex.org/W2099189801","https://openalex.org/W2112589306","https://openalex.org/W2153638435","https://openalex.org/W2159390040","https://openalex.org/W2162434844","https://openalex.org/W3179621748","https://openalex.org/W6798512490"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2029056784","https://openalex.org/W1997514008","https://openalex.org/W4377927309","https://openalex.org/W2416214423","https://openalex.org/W2377859269","https://openalex.org/W2801021573","https://openalex.org/W1633407179","https://openalex.org/W67738971","https://openalex.org/W1556297113","https://openalex.org/W1927072911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"universal":[1,23,34],"reversible":[2],"data":[3,24,121],"embedding":[4,25,154],"method":[5,26],"for":[6,27,160],"any":[7,148],"digital":[8,29,149],"signal":[9,40,117,132,150,163],"(uReads)":[10],"is":[11,20,41,71,92,145],"proposed.":[12],"To":[13],"the":[14,21,39,112,115,125,130,138],"best":[15],"of":[16,44,58,100,114,124,164],"our":[17],"knowledge,":[18],"uReads":[19,31,110,144],"first":[22],"all":[28],"signals.":[30],"applies":[32],"a":[33,161],"parser,":[35],"while":[36],"assuming":[37],"that":[38,84,143],"made":[42],"up":[43,156],"un-correlated":[45],"bits.":[46,167],"Then,":[47],"these":[48],"bits":[49,159],"are":[50],"virtually":[51],"correlated":[52],"by":[53,80,98,118],"segmenting":[54],"them":[55],"into":[56,108],"groups":[57],"fixed":[59],"length,":[60],"where":[61],"each":[62],"group":[63],"forms":[64],"an":[65,74],"IC":[66,70],"(imaginary":[67],"codeword).":[68],"Each":[69],"mapped":[72],"to":[73,94,147,157],"mGRC":[75],"(modified":[76],"Golomb-Rice":[77],"Code),":[78],"formed":[79],"grouping":[81],"two":[82],"GRCs":[83],"differ":[85],"only":[86],"in":[87],"their":[88],"LSBs.":[89],"The":[90,127],"LSB":[91],"utilized":[93],"embed":[95],"external":[96,106],"payload":[97,128],"means":[99],"simple":[101],"modulation.":[102],"Despite":[103],"inserting":[104],"additional":[105],"information":[107],"it,":[109],"preserves":[111],"size":[113,165],"original":[116,131],"treating":[119],"excessive":[120],"as":[122],"part":[123],"payload.":[126],"and":[129,151],"can":[133],"be":[134],"reconstructed":[135],"independently":[136],"from":[137],"modified":[139],"signal.":[140],"Experiments":[141],"show":[142],"applicable":[146],"it":[152],"offers":[153],"capacity":[155],"139024":[158],"input":[162],"3338024":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}