{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312391278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc55528.2022.9912824","title":"ActDetector: A Sequence-based Framework for Network Attack Activity Detection","display_name":"ActDetector: A Sequence-based Framework for Network Attack Activity Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312391278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc55528.2022.9912824"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscc55528.2022.9912824","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc55528.2022.9912824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605780","display_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049948972","display_name":"Jiaqi Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4191-854X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041528755","display_name":"Huiran Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2094-4394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiran Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100456303","display_name":"Yan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7329-0382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009617425","display_name":"Yueyue Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2163-987X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueyue Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,China","School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074384158","display_name":"Mengqi Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-3458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengqi Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442321","display_name":"Weiping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8618-4992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049948972"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2959,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79073971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.808304488658905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.7787144184112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.7683677673339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.591118335723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attack-patterns","display_name":"Attack patterns","score":0.5371564030647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5153393149375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4621731638908386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4534204304218292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4225069582462311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2493411898612976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.808304488658905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.7787144184112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.7683677673339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.591118335723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780741293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4818019","display_name":"Attack patterns","level":3,"score":0.5371564030647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5153393149375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4621731638908386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4534204304218292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4225069582462311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2493411898612976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscc55528.2022.9912824","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc55528.2022.9912824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605780","display_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061466315","https://openalex.org/W2376886931","https://openalex.org/W1992118813","https://openalex.org/W2010561419","https://openalex.org/W2374845301","https://openalex.org/W2351448539","https://openalex.org/W1977863481","https://openalex.org/W2384741105","https://openalex.org/W1495178644","https://openalex.org/W2185594426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"cyber":[1],"security":[2,16,121],"situation":[3],"is":[4,21,38,69],"not":[5],"optimistic":[6],"in":[7],"recent":[8],"years":[9],"due":[10,84],"to":[11,26,33,43,56,79,85,100,135,146],"the":[12,59,86,106,118,167],"rapid":[13],"growth":[14],"of":[15,120,174],"threats.":[17],"What's":[18],"more":[19,28],"worrying":[20],"that":[22,160],"threats":[23],"are":[24],"tending":[25],"be":[27],"sophis-ticated,":[29],"which":[30,68,114],"poses":[31],"challenges":[32],"attack":[34,45,60,102,125,132,149,164],"activity":[35,61,133],"analysis.":[36,75],"It":[37],"quite":[39],"important":[40],"for":[41,73],"analysts":[42],"understand":[44],"activities":[46,103,165],"from":[47,105,128,166],"a":[48,70,96,143],"holistic":[49],"perspective,":[50],"rather":[51],"than":[52],"just":[53],"pay":[54],"attention":[55],"alerts.":[57,90],"Currently,":[58],"analysis":[62],"generally":[63],"relies":[64],"on":[65],"human":[66],"resources,":[67],"heavy":[71],"workload":[72,119],"manual":[74],"Besides,":[76],"it's":[77],"difficult":[78],"achieve":[80],"high":[81],"detection":[82],"accuracy":[83],"missing":[87],"and":[88,130,179],"false-positive":[89],"In":[91],"this":[92],"paper,":[93],"we":[94,141],"propose":[95],"new":[97],"framework,":[98],"ActDetector,":[99],"detect":[101,147,163],"automatically":[104],"raw":[107,168],"Network":[108],"Intrusion":[109],"Detection":[110],"System":[111],"(NIDS)":[112],"alerts,":[113],"will":[115],"greatly":[116],"reduce":[117],"analysts.":[122],"We":[123,151],"extract":[124],"phase":[126],"descriptions":[127,134],"alerts":[129,170],"embed":[131],"obtain":[136],"their":[137],"numerical":[138],"expression.":[139],"Finally,":[140],"use":[142],"temporal-sequence-based":[144],"model":[145],"potential":[148],"activities.":[150],"evaluate":[152],"ActDetector":[153,161],"with":[154,171],"three":[155],"datasets.":[156],"Experimental":[157],"results":[158],"demonstrate":[159],"can":[162],"NIDS":[169],"an":[172],"average":[173],"94.8%":[175],"Precision,":[176],"95.0%":[177],"Recall,":[178],"94.6%":[180],"F1-score.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
