{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1584928512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2015.7405550","title":"Container-based network function virtualization for software-defined networks","display_name":"Container-based network function virtualization for software-defined networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1584928512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2015.7405550","mag":"1584928512"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscc.2015.7405550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2015.7405550","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communication (ISCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062448217","display_name":"Richard Cziva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1028-0707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Cziva","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050078912","display_name":"Simon Jou\u00ebt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Jouet","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016027160","display_name":"Kyle J. S. White","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle J. S. White","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021350142","display_name":"Dimitrios P. Pezaros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0939-378X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios P. Pezaros","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062448217"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3577,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97268719,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"415","last_page":"420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8099579811096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.6587136387825012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.6019091606140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypervisor","display_name":"Hypervisor","score":0.5938130617141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5829828977584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.5568324327468872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openflow","display_name":"OpenFlow","score":0.5521557927131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.49810171127319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4970865547657013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4867587089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-functions-virtualization","display_name":"Network Functions Virtualization","score":0.4453997313976288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orchestration","display_name":"Orchestration","score":0.4315621852874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container","display_name":"Container (type theory)","score":0.43104010820388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.42950624227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.422495573759079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-virtualization","display_name":"Network virtualization","score":0.42091476917266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.4029017984867096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.26769205927848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.21603837609291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.18967804312705994}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8099579811096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.6587136387825012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.6019091606140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112904061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077480","display_name":"Hypervisor","level":4,"score":0.5938130617141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5829828977584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5568324327468872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192697461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4045918","display_name":"OpenFlow","level":3,"score":0.5521557927131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.49810171127319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4970865547657013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4867587089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200789330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7000834","display_name":"Network Functions Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.4453997313976288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.4315621852874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.43104010820388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.42950624227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.422495573759079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779898492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4112081","display_name":"Network virtualization","level":4,"score":0.42091476917266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.4029017984867096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.26769205927848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.21603837609291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.18967804312705994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscc.2015.7405550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2015.7405550","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communication (ISCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:105926","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/32263.html>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1934935867","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Engineering and Physical Sciences R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1983833196","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L005255/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6240653590","display_name":"A Situation-Aware Information Infrastructure","funder_award_id":"EP/L026015/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6619560945","display_name":"IMC2: Instrumentation Measurement and Control for the Cloud","funder_award_id":"EP/L005255/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7743080474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L026015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85952704","https://openalex.org/W194561483","https://openalex.org/W1435010830","https://openalex.org/W1487583159","https://openalex.org/W2029857293","https://openalex.org/W2034579682","https://openalex.org/W2051961548","https://openalex.org/W2111038933","https://openalex.org/W2139221507","https://openalex.org/W2140100092","https://openalex.org/W2140953464","https://openalex.org/W2142972529","https://openalex.org/W2147118406","https://openalex.org/W2164740236","https://openalex.org/W3000664081","https://openalex.org/W4240981274","https://openalex.org/W6603486588","https://openalex.org/W6607833603","https://openalex.org/W6628561984"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2575751680","https://openalex.org/W4251300318","https://openalex.org/W2466998217","https://openalex.org/W2644646097","https://openalex.org/W1694500322","https://openalex.org/W3134135428","https://openalex.org/W2904430198","https://openalex.org/W2286140015","https://openalex.org/W1551453263","https://openalex.org/W2783057367"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today's":[0],"enterprise":[1],"networks":[2],"almost":[3],"ubiquitously":[4],"deploy":[5,54],"middlebox":[6],"services":[7],"to":[8,52,68,135,143],"improve":[9],"in-network":[10],"security":[11],"and":[12,30,55,75,101,123,141],"performance.":[13],"Although":[14],"virtualization":[15],"of":[16,39,114],"middleboxes":[17],"attracts":[18],"a":[19,33],"significant":[20],"attention,":[21],"studies":[22],"show":[23,125],"that":[24,126],"such":[25],"implementations":[26],"are":[27],"still":[28],"proprietary":[29],"deployed":[31],"in":[32,61],"static":[34],"manner":[35],"at":[36],"the":[37,97,108,112],"boundaries":[38],"organisations,":[40],"hindering":[41],"open":[42,50],"innovation.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"paper,":[46],"we":[47,124],"present":[48],"an":[49,84],"framework":[51],"create,":[53],"manage":[56],"virtual":[57],"network":[58],"functions":[59],"(NF)s":[60],"OpenFlow-enabled":[62],"networks.":[63],"We":[64,106],"exploit":[65],"container-based":[66,127],"NFs":[67,88,116,147],"achieve":[69],"low":[70],"performance":[71],"overhead,":[72],"fast":[73],"deployment":[74],"high":[76],"reusability":[77],"missing":[78],"from":[79,117],"today's":[80],"NFV":[81,128],"deployments.":[82],"Through":[83],"SDN":[85],"northbound":[86],"API,":[87],"can":[89,93,103],"be":[90,94],"instantiated,":[91],"traffic":[92],"steered":[95],"through":[96,111],"desired":[98],"policy":[99],"chain":[100],"applications":[102],"raise":[104],"notifications.":[105],"demonstrate":[107],"systems":[109],"operation":[110],"development":[113],"exemplar":[115],"common":[118],"Operating":[119],"System":[120],"utility":[121],"binaries,":[122],"improves":[129],"function":[130],"instantiation":[131],"time":[132],"by":[133],"up":[134],"68%":[136],"over":[137],"existing":[138],"hypervisor-based":[139],"alternatives,":[140],"scales":[142],"one":[144],"hundred":[145],"co-located":[146],"while":[148],"incurring":[149],"sub-millisecond":[150],"latency.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}