{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124054384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2009.5202301","title":"A multi-sink swarm-based routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"A multi-sink swarm-based routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124054384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2009.5202301","mag":"2124054384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscc.2009.5202301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2009.5202301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086434040","display_name":"Maurizio Paone","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112862951","display_name":"University of Messina","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Paone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078922538","display_name":"Luca Paladina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112862951","display_name":"University of Messina","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Paladina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033292026","display_name":"Marco Scarpa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9560-7504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112862951","display_name":"University of Messina","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Scarpa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051587506","display_name":"Antonio Puliafito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0385-2711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112862951","display_name":"University of Messina","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Puliafito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Faculty, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Messina, Engineering Faculty, Contrada di Dio, 98166, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7705897092819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.7325828671455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6383318901062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6106072068214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.5940424203872681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5792272686958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.5682008266448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sink","display_name":"Sink (geography)","score":0.5330326557159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.49368080496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.33931344747543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.3042879104614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.255642831325531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06793302297592163}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7705897092819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.7325828671455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6383318901062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6106072068214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.5940424203872681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5792272686958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.5682008266448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143050476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194502","display_name":"Sink (geography)","level":2,"score":0.5330326557159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.49368080496788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.33931344747543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3042879104614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.255642831325531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06793302297592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscc.2009.5202301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2009.5202301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131206777","https://openalex.org/W1643914866","https://openalex.org/W1838996458","https://openalex.org/W1977712932","https://openalex.org/W2050596175","https://openalex.org/W2123642537","https://openalex.org/W2127949150","https://openalex.org/W2133102514","https://openalex.org/W2137230206","https://openalex.org/W2148251644","https://openalex.org/W2155864758","https://openalex.org/W2540457790","https://openalex.org/W6808071300"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126842185","https://openalex.org/W1992906332","https://openalex.org/W2011277702","https://openalex.org/W2546592407","https://openalex.org/W2008974667","https://openalex.org/W4233083428","https://openalex.org/W1593279778","https://openalex.org/W1888834805","https://openalex.org/W2172109346","https://openalex.org/W2544170366"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0,74],"sensor":[1,28,34],"networks":[2,29],"are":[3,49],"a":[4,19,33,40,69,120],"new":[5],"emerging":[6],"area":[7],"where":[8],"swarm":[9],"intelligence":[10],"can":[11,30,36,59],"be":[12,31,37],"applied":[13],"with":[14,77],"interesting":[15,78],"implications.":[16],"In":[17,64,119],"fact,":[18],"strong":[20],"analogy":[21],"between":[22],"unicellular":[23,107],"organism":[24],"colonies":[25],"and":[26,84,116,137,143,158],"wireless":[27],"emphasized:":[32],"network":[35],"viewed":[38],"as":[39],"ldquocolonyrdquo":[41],"of":[42,101,106,141],"simple,":[43],"scarce":[44],"resource":[45],"nodes":[46,132,166],"that,":[47],"autonomously,":[48],"able":[50],"only":[51],"to":[52,151,162],"perform":[53],"simple":[54],"tasks,":[55],"but":[56],"all":[57],"together":[58],"accomplish":[60],"very":[61],"complex":[62],"problems.":[63],"this":[65],"paper":[66],"we":[67],"propose":[68],"routing":[70],"protocol":[71,89,124,150],"for":[72],"multi-sink":[73],"Sensor":[75],"Networks":[76],"properties:":[79],"self":[80],"organization,":[81],"fault":[82,144],"tolerance":[83],"environmental":[85,163],"adaptation.":[86],"The":[87],"proposed":[88,149],"was":[90],"inspired":[91],"by":[92,113],"the":[93,126,134,148,153,155,159],"well":[94],"known":[95],"behavior":[96],"(in":[97],"artificial":[98],"life":[99],"studies)":[100],"ldquoSlime":[102],"Moldrdquo.":[103],"Such":[104],"colony":[105],"organisms":[108],"organizes":[109],"itself":[110],"in":[111],"clusters":[112],"pheromone":[114],"generation":[115],"evaporation":[117],"mechanisms.":[118],"similar":[121],"manner":[122],"our":[123],"manages":[125],"data":[127],"traffic":[128],"towards":[129],"multiple":[130],"sink":[131],"using":[133,168],"gradient":[135],"concept":[136],"reaching":[138],"high":[139],"levels":[140],"autonomy":[142],"tolerance.":[145],"We":[146],"analyze":[147],"examine":[152],"performances,":[154],"signalling":[156],"overhead":[157],"adaptation":[160],"properties":[161],"changes":[164],"or":[165],"faults":[167],"simulation":[169],"techniques.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
