{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2758936002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscbi.2017.8053538","title":"Facial feature detection: A facial symmetry approach","display_name":"Facial feature detection: A facial symmetry approach","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2758936002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscbi.2017.8053538","mag":"2758936002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscbi.2017.8053538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscbi.2017.8053538","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 5th International Symposium on Computational and Business Intelligence (ISCBI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078216698","display_name":"Gulbadan Sikander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-4093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gulbadan Sikander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062926717","display_name":"Shahzad Anwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-726X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610274","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/00p034093","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahzad Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087746751","display_name":"Yasser Abd Djawad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0739-5968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4429535","display_name":"State University of Makassar","ror":"https://ror.org/05fzw1z08","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4429535"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasser Abd Djawad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, State University of Makassar, Indonesia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, State University of Makassar, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4429535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078216698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610274"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6464,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78976258,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"26","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7930399179458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7338763475418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.6706234216690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6357589960098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6133297085762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5780549049377441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-hallucination","display_name":"Face hallucination","score":0.531731367111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5037056803703308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4901627004146576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.4555131793022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.45396408438682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viola\u2013jones-object-detection-framework","display_name":"Viola\u2013Jones object detection framework","score":0.4461980164051056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.43698662519454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.41953739523887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3369365334510803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7930399179458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7338763475418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.6706234216690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6357589960098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6133297085762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5780549049377441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54654163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428359","display_name":"Face hallucination","level":5,"score":0.531731367111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5037056803703308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4901627004146576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4555131793022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.45396408438682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182521987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493877","display_name":"Viola\u2013Jones object detection framework","level":5,"score":0.4461980164051056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.43698662519454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.41953739523887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3369365334510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscbi.2017.8053538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscbi.2017.8053538","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 5th International Symposium on Computational and Business Intelligence (ISCBI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.unm.ac.id:20053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400247","display_name":"Eprints (Universitas Negeri Makassar)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4429535","host_organization_name":"State University of Makassar","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4429535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32941422","https://openalex.org/W344769587","https://openalex.org/W1569193578","https://openalex.org/W1590181355","https://openalex.org/W1801124325","https://openalex.org/W1989702938","https://openalex.org/W1993513931","https://openalex.org/W2001943117","https://openalex.org/W2036274133","https://openalex.org/W2123736354","https://openalex.org/W2125874614","https://openalex.org/W2132964930","https://openalex.org/W2158469391","https://openalex.org/W2160532515","https://openalex.org/W2294640577","https://openalex.org/W2331325633","https://openalex.org/W2396260071","https://openalex.org/W2521788491","https://openalex.org/W2532065005","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W6601360246","https://openalex.org/W6633936168","https://openalex.org/W6678466122","https://openalex.org/W6679791375","https://openalex.org/W6990743248","https://openalex.org/W7047955672"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W3187748155","https://openalex.org/W2968724548","https://openalex.org/W4206923589","https://openalex.org/W2940708481","https://openalex.org/W2362246177","https://openalex.org/W2356663679","https://openalex.org/W4385451546","https://openalex.org/W2163686929","https://openalex.org/W4401628712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays":[0],"face":[1,79],"detection":[2,22,39,113],"plays":[3],"an":[4],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,26,44,105],"recognition,":[8,10],"emotion":[9],"computer-human":[11],"interaction,":[12],"etc.":[13],"This":[14],"paper":[15,46],"presents":[16],"a":[17,34,48],"novel":[18],"method":[19,42,104],"for":[20],"the":[21,59,73,77,82,89,93,110],"of":[23,50,66,76,112],"facial":[24,37,54,84],"features":[25],"images.":[27],"The":[28,41],"main":[29],"objective":[30],"is":[31],"to":[32,52,62,80],"develop":[33],"fully":[35],"automatic":[36],"feature":[38],"system.":[40],"proposed":[43,94],"this":[45],"uses":[47,58],"combination":[49,106],"methods":[51,61],"detect":[53,81],"features.":[55,85],"It":[56],"first":[57],"Viola-Jones":[60,90,108],"identify":[63],"possible":[64],"regions":[65],"interest":[67],"subsequently":[68],"use":[69],"calculations":[70],"based":[71],"on":[72],"symmetric":[74],"property":[75],"human":[78],"true":[83],"A":[86],"comparison":[87],"between":[88],"algorithm":[91,95],"and":[92,99],"has":[96],"been":[97],"performed":[98],"it":[100],"shows":[101],"that":[102],"our":[103],"with":[107],"increases":[109],"accuracy":[111],"considerably.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
