{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400237885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas58744.2024.10558271","title":"MAC-DO: DRAM-Based Multi-Bit Analog Accelerator Using Output Stationary","display_name":"MAC-DO: DRAM-Based Multi-Bit Analog Accelerator Using Output Stationary","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400237885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas58744.2024.10558271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas58744.2024.10558271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas58744.2024.10558271","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109741481","display_name":"MinKi Jeong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MinKi Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),School of Electrical Engineering,Daejeon,Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),School of Electrical Engineering,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034737783","display_name":"Wanyeong Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5671-1341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanyeong Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),School of Electrical Engineering,Daejeon,Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),School of Electrical Engineering,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109741481"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45959251,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.875205397605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5725577473640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.549836277961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/8-bit","display_name":"8-bit","score":0.4228239357471466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller","display_name":"Microcontroller","score":0.4178420603275299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.39073896408081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3430543541908264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.133204847574234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.07363680005073547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.875205397605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5725577473640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.549836277961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187919765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270159","display_name":"8-bit","level":2,"score":0.4228239357471466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.4178420603275299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.39073896408081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3430543541908264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.133204847574234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.07363680005073547}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas58744.2024.10558271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas58744.2024.10558271","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014555481","https://openalex.org/W2053176058","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2124222653","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2442974303","https://openalex.org/W2568772110","https://openalex.org/W2593564159","https://openalex.org/W2766489088","https://openalex.org/W2899771611","https://openalex.org/W2904200161","https://openalex.org/W3015432327","https://openalex.org/W3134703406","https://openalex.org/W3187235458","https://openalex.org/W4205230840","https://openalex.org/W4245987560","https://openalex.org/W4360605785","https://openalex.org/W6756040250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089988144","https://openalex.org/W1985703800","https://openalex.org/W2347749188","https://openalex.org/W1972388196","https://openalex.org/W2735419558","https://openalex.org/W2765245581","https://openalex.org/W3149091528","https://openalex.org/W2028353274","https://openalex.org/W975020229","https://openalex.org/W2121145321"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"DRAM-based":[0,71,76],"accelerators":[1,19],"have":[2],"shown":[3],"their":[4],"potential":[5],"in":[6,49,147],"addressing":[7],"the":[8,13,142],"memory":[9],"wall":[10],"challenge":[11],"of":[12,82,144],"traditional":[14],"von":[15],"Neumann":[16],"architecture.":[17],"Such":[18],"exploit":[20],"charge":[21,126],"sharing":[22],"or":[23],"logic":[24,28],"circuits":[25],"for":[26,37,172],"simple":[27],"operations.":[29],"As":[30,128],"a":[31,43,78,89,94,120,129,157],"result,":[32,130],"they":[33],"require":[34],"many":[35],"cycles":[36],"more":[38],"complex":[39],"operations":[40],"such":[41],"as":[42],"multi-bit":[44,90],"multiply-accumulate":[45],"(MAC)":[46],"operation,":[47],"resulting":[48],"significant":[50],"data":[51],"access":[52],"and":[53,55,69,105,112,168],"movement":[54],"potentially":[56],"worsening":[57],"power":[58,99],"efficiency.To":[59],"overcome":[60],"these":[61],"limitations,":[62],"this":[63],"paper":[64],"presents":[65],"MAC-DO,":[66],"an":[67],"efficient":[68],"low-power":[70],"accelerator.":[72],"Compared":[73],"to":[74],"previous":[75],"accelerators,":[77],"MAC-DO":[79,131,159,163],"cell,":[80],"consisting":[81],"two":[83],"1T1C":[84,109],"DRAM":[85,110],"cells,":[86],"innately":[87],"supports":[88],"MAC":[91],"operation":[92],"within":[93],"single":[95],"cycle,":[96],"significantly":[97],"improving":[98],"efficiency":[100],"while":[101],"maintaining":[102],"good":[103],"linearity":[104],"compatibility":[106],"with":[107,161],"existing":[108],"cell":[111],"array":[113,160],"structures.":[114],"This":[115],"achievement":[116],"is":[117],"facilitated":[118],"by":[119],"novel":[121],"analog":[122],"computation":[123],"method":[124],"utilizing":[125],"steering.":[127],"efficiently":[132],"can":[133],"accelerate":[134],"convolutions":[135],"based":[136],"on":[137],"output":[138],"stationary":[139],"mapping,":[140],"supporting":[141],"majority":[143],"computations":[145],"performed":[146],"deep":[148],"neural":[149],"networks.Our":[150],"evaluation":[151],"using":[152],"transistor-level":[153],"simulation":[154],"shows":[155],"that":[156],"test":[158],"16\u00d716":[162],"cells":[164],"achieves":[165],"120.96":[166],"TOPS/W":[167],"97.07%":[169],"Top-1":[170],"accuracy":[171],"MNIST":[173],"dataset":[174],"without":[175],"retraining.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
