{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411725175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11044132","title":"Mitigation of Camouflaged Adversarial Attacks in Autonomous Vehicles\u2013A Case Study Using CARLA Simulator","display_name":"Mitigation of Camouflaged Adversarial Attacks in Autonomous Vehicles\u2013A Case Study Using CARLA Simulator","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411725175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11044132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11044132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11044132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059119897","display_name":"Yolanda Mart\u00ednez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-1810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yago Romano Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061507028","display_name":"Corey Brady","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4086-9638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carter Brady","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052034912","display_name":"Abhijeet Solanki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-2728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhijeet Solanki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042187613","display_name":"Wesam Al Amiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4189-3223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wesam Al Amiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034599612","display_name":"Syed Rafay Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0183-8086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Rafay Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074002608","display_name":"Terry N. Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-2152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terry N. Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University,College of Engineering,Cookeville,TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059119897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3554,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88315899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.8454999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.8454999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.7764000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.667326807975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6346224546432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5052421689033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4775739014148712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3683176040649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34598952531814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30566537380218506}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.667326807975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6346224546432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5052421689033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4775739014148712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3683176040649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34598952531814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30566537380218506}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11044132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11044132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2798302089","https://openalex.org/W2890883923","https://openalex.org/W3097206420","https://openalex.org/W4210511805","https://openalex.org/W4226201626","https://openalex.org/W4251147723","https://openalex.org/W4285042965","https://openalex.org/W4313138527","https://openalex.org/W4323966502","https://openalex.org/W4365146691","https://openalex.org/W4385783624","https://openalex.org/W4386953258","https://openalex.org/W4401357149","https://openalex.org/W4402569140","https://openalex.org/W4402835342","https://openalex.org/W6746449270","https://openalex.org/W6995726647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119","https://openalex.org/W4285226279","https://openalex.org/W4288019534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"vehicles":[1],"(AVs)":[2],"rely":[3],"heavily":[4],"on":[5,73,145,171],"cameras":[6],"and":[7,14,57,69,116,144,156,179],"artificial":[8],"intelligence":[9],"(AI)":[10],"to":[11,42,94,128,164,184],"make":[12],"safe":[13],"accurate":[15],"driving":[16],"decisions.":[17],"However,":[18],"since":[19],"AI":[20,59],"is":[21,40,109],"the":[22,33,44,81,88,96,103,112,117,125,129,151,166,172],"core":[23],"enabling":[24],"technology,":[25],"this":[26,62],"raises":[27],"serious":[28],"cyber":[29],"threats":[30],"that":[31,53,120,150],"hinder":[32],"large-scale":[34],"adoption":[35],"of":[36,46,90,168],"AVs.":[37,79],"Therefore,":[38],"it":[39],"crucial":[41],"analyze":[43],"resilience":[45],"AV":[47,104,114],"security":[48],"systems":[49],"against":[50],"sophisticated":[51],"attacks":[52,68,83,122,153,170],"manipulate":[54],"camera":[55],"inputs":[56],"deceive":[58],"models.":[60],"In":[61],"paper,":[63],"we":[64],"develop":[65],"camera-camouflaged":[66,82,169],"adversarial":[67],"asses":[70],"their":[71],"impact":[72],"traffic":[74],"sign":[75,93,174],"recognition":[76],"(TSR)":[77],"in":[78,133],"Specifically,":[80],"are":[84,154,162,182],"initiated":[85],"by":[86],"modifying":[87],"texture":[89],"a":[91],"stop":[92,130,173],"fool":[95],"AV\u2019s":[97],"object":[98],"detection":[99],"system,":[100],"thereby":[101],"affecting":[102],"actuators.":[105],"The":[106,176],"attacks\u2019":[107],"effectiveness":[108],"tested":[110],"using":[111],"CARLA":[113,147],"simulator,":[115],"results":[118],"show":[119],"such":[121],"can":[123],"delay":[124],"auto-braking":[126],"response":[127],"sign,":[131],"resulting":[132],"potentially":[134],"catastrophic":[135],"situations.":[136],"We":[137],"conduct":[138],"extensive":[139],"experiments":[140],"under":[141],"various":[142],"conditions":[143],"different":[146],"maps,":[148],"confirming":[149],"proposed":[152,177],"effective":[155],"robust.":[157],"Then,":[158],"two":[159],"defense":[160,180],"strategies":[161],"presented":[163],"mitigate":[165],"effect":[167],"recognition.":[175],"attack":[178],"methods":[181],"applicable":[183],"other":[185],"end-to-end":[186],"trained":[187],"autonomous":[188],"cyber-physical":[189],"systems.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
