{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411726684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043563","title":"DPD-NeuralEngine: A 22-nm 6.6-TOPS/W/mm<sup>2</sup> Recurrent Neural Network Accelerator for Wideband Power Amplifier Digital Pre-Distortion","display_name":"DPD-NeuralEngine: A 22-nm 6.6-TOPS/W/mm<sup>2</sup> Recurrent Neural Network Accelerator for Wideband Power Amplifier Digital Pre-Distortion","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411726684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043563","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043563","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413656","display_name":"Ang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-6755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103871784","display_name":"Hongyan Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haolin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056464824","display_name":"Yizhuo Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5087-7349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizhuo Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041745327","display_name":"Qinyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9480-6164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leiden University,Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science (LIACS),The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leiden University,Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science (LIACS),The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068855020","display_name":"L.C.N. de Vreede","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5834-5461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo C. N. de Vreede","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082967906","display_name":"Chang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3284-4078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology,Department of Microelectronics,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.4113,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98247445,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9782000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.7063526511192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.693943440914154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tops","display_name":"TOPS","score":0.6393064260482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5060824751853943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4929478168487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4375458359718323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.4200344979763031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3372589647769928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3105396032333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2581491768360138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.25344017148017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.07385879755020142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.7063526511192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.693943440914154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777675136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835642","display_name":"TOPS","level":3,"score":0.6393064260482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5060824751853943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4929478168487549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4375458359718323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.4200344979763031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3372589647769928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3105396032333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2581491768360138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.25344017148017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.07385879755020142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043563","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043563","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973920833","https://openalex.org/W2082763143","https://openalex.org/W2122658093","https://openalex.org/W2154891347","https://openalex.org/W2161181093","https://openalex.org/W2166608639","https://openalex.org/W2585720638","https://openalex.org/W2594492285","https://openalex.org/W2757698722","https://openalex.org/W2788838111","https://openalex.org/W2895531329","https://openalex.org/W2904773682","https://openalex.org/W2950656546","https://openalex.org/W2958228360","https://openalex.org/W3014121089","https://openalex.org/W3015391117","https://openalex.org/W3027324516","https://openalex.org/W3029645402","https://openalex.org/W3047722781","https://openalex.org/W3108690123","https://openalex.org/W3187677606","https://openalex.org/W4206572179","https://openalex.org/W4221068451","https://openalex.org/W4293232650","https://openalex.org/W4390097818","https://openalex.org/W4394874541","https://openalex.org/W4400235527","https://openalex.org/W4401074848"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2811109569","https://openalex.org/W2385933648","https://openalex.org/W2381557761","https://openalex.org/W4231398535","https://openalex.org/W4245680303","https://openalex.org/W1996292569","https://openalex.org/W4210522299","https://openalex.org/W2021011313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"increasing":[1],"adoption":[2],"of":[3,57,70,76,90,98,121],"Deep":[4],"Neural":[5],"Network":[6],"(DNN)-based":[7],"Digital":[8],"Pre-distortion":[9],"(DPD)":[10],"in":[11,84],"modern":[12],"communication":[13],"systems":[14],"necessitates":[15],"efficient":[16],"hardware":[17,45],"implementations.":[18],"This":[19],"paper":[20],"presents":[21],"DPD-NeuralEngine,":[22],"an":[23],"ultra-fast,":[24],"tiny-area,":[25],"and":[26,44,73,93],"power-efficient":[27],"DPD":[28,80,110],"accelerator":[29],"based":[30],"on":[31],"a":[32,41,68,117],"Gated":[33],"Recurrent":[34],"Unit":[35],"(GRU)":[36],"neural":[37],"network":[38],"(NN).":[39],"Leveraging":[40],"co-designed":[42],"software":[43],"approach,":[46],"our":[47,102],"22":[48],"nm":[49],"CMOS":[50],"implementation":[51],"operates":[52],"at":[53],"2":[54],"GHz,":[55],"capable":[56],"processing":[58],"I/Q":[59],"signals":[60],"up":[61],"to":[62],"250":[63],"MSps.":[64],"Experimental":[65],"results":[66],"demonstrate":[67],"throughput":[69],"256.5":[71],"GOPS":[72],"power":[74],"efficiency":[75,119],"1.32":[77],"TOPS/W":[78],"with":[79],"linearization":[81],"performance":[82],"measured":[83],"Adjacent":[85],"Channel":[86],"Power":[87],"Ratio":[88],"(ACPR)":[89],"-45.3":[91],"dBc":[92],"Error":[94],"Vector":[95],"Magnitude":[96],"(EVM)":[97],"-39.8":[99],"dB.":[100],"To":[101],"knowledge,":[103],"this":[104],"work":[105],"represents":[106],"the":[107],"first":[108],"AI-based":[109],"application-specific":[111],"integrated":[112],"circuit":[113],"(ASIC)":[114],"accelerator,":[115],"achieving":[116],"power-area":[118],"(PAE)":[120],"6.6":[122],"TOPS/W/mm2.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-06-28T00:00:00"}