{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411725022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043372","title":"Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization Applications in Low-Dropout Regulator Design","display_name":"Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization Applications in Low-Dropout Regulator Design","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411725022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101920687","display_name":"Thang Quoc Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9367-2273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thang Quoc Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memorial University,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memorial University,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705837","display_name":"Lihong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2946-8072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memorial University,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memorial University,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077149719","display_name":"Octavia A. Dobre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-0512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Octavia A. Dobre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memorial University,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memorial University,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045777504","display_name":"Trang Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-9708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123565023","display_name":"Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City","ror":"https://ror.org/00waaqh38","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47265099","display_name":"Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qva2324","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023","https://openalex.org/I47265099"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trang Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT),VNU-HCM,Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT),VNU-HCM,Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123565023","https://openalex.org/I47265099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049089848","display_name":"Trung Q. Duong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4703-4836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trung Q. Duong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memorial University,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memorial University,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.7107489109039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulator","display_name":"Regulator","score":0.6918982267379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-dropout-regulator","display_name":"Low-dropout regulator","score":0.5358954668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5064510107040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3599182963371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulator","display_name":"Voltage regulator","score":0.35119765996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout-voltage","display_name":"Dropout voltage","score":0.31828731298446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19984960556030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1745377480983734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.15201032161712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.09776058793067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.09620848298072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08117622137069702}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.7107489109039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6929976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771881","display_name":"Regulator","level":3,"score":0.6918982267379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140501009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692746","display_name":"Low-dropout regulator","level":5,"score":0.5358954668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5064510107040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3599182963371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110706871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Voltage regulator","level":3,"score":0.35119765996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15032970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Dropout voltage","level":4,"score":0.31828731298446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19984960556030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1745377480983734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.15201032161712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.09776058793067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.09620848298072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08117622137069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1727049600","https://openalex.org/W1947575180","https://openalex.org/W2018790177","https://openalex.org/W2155675690","https://openalex.org/W2768629321","https://openalex.org/W2899985657","https://openalex.org/W2989502635","https://openalex.org/W2989851762","https://openalex.org/W3006751159","https://openalex.org/W3036532492","https://openalex.org/W3083695346","https://openalex.org/W3092618035","https://openalex.org/W3097021646","https://openalex.org/W3166315890","https://openalex.org/W4210287482","https://openalex.org/W4213423202","https://openalex.org/W4238726911","https://openalex.org/W4280571518","https://openalex.org/W4285267377","https://openalex.org/W4382119467","https://openalex.org/W4385154425","https://openalex.org/W4389166704","https://openalex.org/W4389610165","https://openalex.org/W4396753438","https://openalex.org/W4396958733","https://openalex.org/W4399051913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982997428","https://openalex.org/W2044172536","https://openalex.org/W2371498377","https://openalex.org/W2991752277","https://openalex.org/W2476208285","https://openalex.org/W2371267182","https://openalex.org/W2083807160","https://openalex.org/W2736802678","https://openalex.org/W2380852726","https://openalex.org/W2549277932"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,94],"analog":[1],"and":[2,28,50,72,77,106],"mixed-signal":[3],"integrated":[4],"circuits":[5],"(ICs),":[6],"low-dropout":[7],"regulators":[8],"(LDOs)":[9],"are":[10],"crucial":[11],"for":[12],"maintaining":[13],"a":[14],"stable":[15],"power":[16],"supply":[17],"throughout":[18],"the":[19,55,88],"IC.":[20],"As":[21],"such,":[22],"designing":[23],"LDOs":[24],"with":[25],"both":[26,48,69],"time":[27],"quality":[29],"efficiency":[30],"has":[31],"attracted":[32],"substantial":[33],"research":[34],"interest.":[35],"This":[36],"paper":[37],"presents":[38],"an":[39],"implementation":[40],"of":[41,57,90],"multi-agent":[42],"proximal":[43],"policy":[44],"optimization":[45],"(MAPPO)":[46],"in":[47,75],"separated-parameter":[49,70],"parameter-sharing":[51,66,100],"configurations":[52],"to":[53],"address":[54],"challenges":[56],"multi-objective,":[58],"multi-variable":[59],"LDO":[60],"design.":[61],"Our":[62],"experiments":[63],"show":[64],"that":[65,99],"MAPPO":[67,71,101],"outperforms":[68],"single-agent":[73],"PPO":[74],"exploration":[76],"convergence,":[78],"benefiting":[79],"from":[80],"cooperative":[81],"learning":[82],"via":[83],"parameter":[84],"sharing,":[85],"which":[86],"accelerates":[87],"identification":[89],"optimal":[91],"design":[92],"configurations.":[93],"summary,":[95],"our":[96],"findings":[97],"indicate":[98],"efficiently":[102],"manages":[103],"complex":[104],"specifications":[105],"variables.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
