{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411725989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043322","title":"A Mixed-Precision RNS DNN Accelerator","display_name":"A Mixed-Precision RNS DNN Accelerator","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411725989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043322"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043322","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015747767","display_name":"Vasilis Sakellariou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-3193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vasilis Sakellariou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University,Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department,Abu Dhabi,UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University,Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department,Abu Dhabi,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021252086","display_name":"Vassilis Paliouras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-7500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vassilis Paliouras","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Patras,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Patras,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090575086","display_name":"Ioannis Kouretas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8574-8469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Kouretas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Patras,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Patras,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078108496","display_name":"Hani Saleh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-0278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hani Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University,Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department,Abu Dhabi,UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University,Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department,Abu Dhabi,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045307151","display_name":"T. Stouraitis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-4958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thanos Stouraitis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University,Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department,Abu Dhabi,UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University,Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department,Abu Dhabi,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015747767"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06854098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11920","display_name":"Pulsed Power Technology Applications","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10559","display_name":"Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.662621021270752}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.662621021270752}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas56072.2025.11043322","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1672699986","https://openalex.org/W2140798722","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2338651015","https://openalex.org/W2913405856","https://openalex.org/W2963367920","https://openalex.org/W2991012113","https://openalex.org/W3023192521","https://openalex.org/W3204960814","https://openalex.org/W4200561333","https://openalex.org/W4206957512","https://openalex.org/W4220837341","https://openalex.org/W4312472130","https://openalex.org/W4360606495","https://openalex.org/W4385731914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Residue":[1],"Number":[2],"System":[3],"(RNS)":[4],"has":[5],"been":[6],"used":[7],"for":[8,42,76,125],"the":[9,24,139,147,155,164],"design":[10],"of":[11,23,45],"Deep":[12],"Neural":[13],"Network":[14],"(DNN)":[15],"processing":[16],"architectures":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,37,92,132,138],"its":[20],"efficient":[21],"implementation":[22],"multiply-accumulate":[25],"(MAC)":[26],"operation.":[27],"Prior-art":[28],"RNS":[29,70,148,158],"DNN":[30,60,109,127],"accelerators":[31],"have":[32,54],"demonstrated":[33],"notable":[34],"benefits":[35],"compared":[36,137],"conventional":[38],"fixed-point":[39],"(FXP)":[40],"representations":[41,75],"arithmetic":[43],"precisions":[44,78],"at":[46],"least":[47],"8":[48],"bits.":[49],"However,":[50],"advanced":[51],"quantization":[52,84,114],"techniques":[53],"recently":[55],"enabled":[56],"accurate":[57],"ultra-low-precision":[58],"FXP":[59,74,140,172],"inference.":[61],"Thus,":[62],"it":[63],"remains":[64],"an":[65,106],"open":[66],"research":[67],"question":[68],"whether":[69],"can":[71],"still":[72],"outperform":[73],"smaller":[77],"and":[79,115],"especially":[80],"in":[81,130],"mixed-precision":[82,171],"(MXP)":[83],"settings,":[85],"where":[86],"optimal":[87],"bit-width":[88],"configurations":[89],"with":[90],"respect":[91],"overall":[93],"accuracy":[94],"drop":[95],"constraints":[96],"are":[97],"sought.":[98],"This":[99],"work":[100],"addresses":[101],"this":[102],"gap":[103],"by":[104,160],"presenting":[105],"RNS-based":[107],"MXP":[108,149],"accelerator":[110,150,159],"that":[111],"supports":[112],"3\u20138-bit":[113],"consistently":[116],"achieves":[117,151],"superior":[118],"model":[119,166],"performance":[120],"vs.":[121],"hardware":[122],"cost":[123],"tradeoffs":[124],"various":[126],"models,":[128],"resulting":[129],"up":[131],"1.2\u00d7":[133],"energy":[134],"efficiency":[135],"improvements":[136],"counterpart.":[141],"Synthesized":[142],"on":[143],"a":[144],"22-nm":[145],"technology,":[146],"6.93\u201314.58":[152],"TOPS/W,":[153],"outperforming":[154],"state-of-the-art":[156],"uniform-precision":[157],"1.4\u00d7":[161],"while":[162],"maintaining":[163],"original":[165],"accuracy,":[167],"as":[168,170],"well":[169],"accelerators.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
