{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3157850976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401658","title":"Deep Learning Modulation Recognition for RF Spectrum Monitoring","display_name":"Deep Learning Modulation Recognition for RF Spectrum Monitoring","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3157850976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401658","mag":"3157850976"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401658","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110562429","display_name":"Ahmed Emad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8011-9064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Emad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108046197","display_name":"Hassan Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-8123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011271886","display_name":"Alyaa Farid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-347X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Farid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100653748","display_name":"Ahmed M. Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7989-0466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030519333","display_name":"Rawda M. Sayed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Sayed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002529399","display_name":"Hassan Aboushady","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3489-5968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159731","display_name":"LIP6","ror":"https://ror.org/05krcen59","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4210159731"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Aboushady","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIP6 Laboratory, CNRS UMR 7606, Sorbonne University, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIP6 Laboratory, CNRS UMR 7606, Sorbonne University, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159731","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063929219","display_name":"Hassan Mostafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-5007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150948","display_name":"Zewail City of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04w5f4y88","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150948"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Mostafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","Nanotechnology Department, Zewail University of Science and technology, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanotechnology Department, Zewail University of Science and technology, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110562429"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3597,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84200733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.7334048748016357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.708745539188385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6353065967559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5330891013145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5098196864128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.503288209438324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.499126672744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","score":0.4769412577152252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43533599376678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3779381215572357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.33665022253990173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14731410145759583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.11395716667175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11095234751701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.10588717460632324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.7334048748016357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.708745539188385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6353065967559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5330891013145447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5098196864128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.503288209438324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.499126672744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4769412577152252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43533599376678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3779381215572357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.33665022253990173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14731410145759583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.11395716667175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11095234751701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.10588717460632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401658","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2272847350","https://openalex.org/W2741230443","https://openalex.org/W2775383661","https://openalex.org/W2912581782","https://openalex.org/W2935927048","https://openalex.org/W2982478185","https://openalex.org/W2994820719","https://openalex.org/W3012548231","https://openalex.org/W3104028856","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6761265870"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2204547643","https://openalex.org/W1497578837","https://openalex.org/W4293208944","https://openalex.org/W4294892273","https://openalex.org/W2355697382","https://openalex.org/W2157434987","https://openalex.org/W2622425222","https://openalex.org/W2766299235","https://openalex.org/W2374132647","https://openalex.org/W2006046455"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,41],"classification":[4,32],"Convolutional":[5,87],"Neural":[6,88],"Network":[7,89],"model":[8,13,49],"for":[9,38],"modulation":[10,20,119],"recognition.":[11],"The":[12,31,48,85],"is":[14,34,51,78,90],"capable":[15],"of":[16,65,74,83,108],"classifying":[17],"11":[18],"different":[19],"techniques":[21],"based":[22],"on":[23,92],"their":[24],"In-phase":[25,56],"and":[26,57,76,94],"Quadrature":[27,58],"components":[28],"at":[29],"baseband.":[30],"accuracy":[33],"higher":[35,44],"than":[36,45],"80%":[37],"signals":[39],"with":[40],"Signal-to-Noise":[42],"Ratio":[43],"2":[46],"dB.":[47],"performance":[50,98],"evaluated":[52],"using":[53],"the":[54,63,66,72,96,100,112,125],"same":[55,97],"component":[59],"data-sets":[60],"used":[61],"in":[62],"state":[64],"art.":[67],"Compared":[68,103],"to":[69,104],"previous":[70],"work,":[71],"number":[73],"parameters":[75],"multiplications/additions":[77],"reduced":[79],"by":[80],"several":[81],"orders":[82],"magnitude.":[84],"proposed":[86,113],"implemented":[91],"FPGA":[93,106],"achieves":[95],"as":[99,117],"GPU":[101],"model.":[102],"other":[105],"implementations":[107],"RF":[109],"signal":[110],"classifiers,":[111],"implementation":[114],"classifies":[115],"twice":[116],"much":[118],"schemes":[120],"while":[121],"consuming":[122],"only":[123],"half":[124],"dynamic":[126],"power.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}