{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159333627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401143","title":"Survey of Recent Developments for Hardware Trojan Detection","display_name":"Survey of Recent Developments for Hardware Trojan Detection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159333627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401143","mag":"3159333627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401143","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103952285","display_name":"Ayush Jain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayush Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040545966","display_name":"Ziqi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0861-1805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079601863","display_name":"Ujjwal Guin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4819-8728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ujjwal Guin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103952285"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0966,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98952073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-trojan","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","score":0.9824680089950562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trojan","display_name":"Trojan","score":0.9773050546646118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.7356729507446289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.734263002872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6270305514335632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5232890248298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4631457030773163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.4539487361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.41153207421302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3953491449356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.2579992413520813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780873074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656397","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","level":3,"score":0.9824680089950562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174333608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19635","display_name":"Trojan","level":2,"score":0.9773050546646118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.7356729507446289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.734263002872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6270305514335632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5232890248298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4631457030773163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.4539487361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.41153207421302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3953491449356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.2579992413520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas51556.2021.9401143","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338294","display_name":"Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595368737","https://openalex.org/W1605172130","https://openalex.org/W1976955200","https://openalex.org/W1989761413","https://openalex.org/W1994870682","https://openalex.org/W2001441503","https://openalex.org/W2012032225","https://openalex.org/W2103509612","https://openalex.org/W2142135738","https://openalex.org/W2404942596","https://openalex.org/W2464661970","https://openalex.org/W2478867270","https://openalex.org/W2511192821","https://openalex.org/W2524064595","https://openalex.org/W2538977982","https://openalex.org/W2563852596","https://openalex.org/W2566015346","https://openalex.org/W2567286931","https://openalex.org/W2588293441","https://openalex.org/W2606854262","https://openalex.org/W2631809927","https://openalex.org/W2739579953","https://openalex.org/W2750067007","https://openalex.org/W2750884072","https://openalex.org/W2762692168","https://openalex.org/W2768690687","https://openalex.org/W2775008551","https://openalex.org/W2782444239","https://openalex.org/W2786279672","https://openalex.org/W2794770547","https://openalex.org/W2798312912","https://openalex.org/W2801379610","https://openalex.org/W2805199763","https://openalex.org/W2823310453","https://openalex.org/W2898173429","https://openalex.org/W2911617582","https://openalex.org/W2925197357","https://openalex.org/W2942664295","https://openalex.org/W2946445864","https://openalex.org/W2950146876","https://openalex.org/W2951100468","https://openalex.org/W2969353795","https://openalex.org/W2969756042","https://openalex.org/W2974729054","https://openalex.org/W3010443526","https://openalex.org/W3033332669","https://openalex.org/W3034472990","https://openalex.org/W3094145251","https://openalex.org/W3128030113","https://openalex.org/W3207160674","https://openalex.org/W4231025618","https://openalex.org/W6721176184","https://openalex.org/W6727915747","https://openalex.org/W6731373095","https://openalex.org/W6744978716","https://openalex.org/W6761330933","https://openalex.org/W6765929612","https://openalex.org/W6767967282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385434494","https://openalex.org/W3159333627","https://openalex.org/W3004467197","https://openalex.org/W1500594134","https://openalex.org/W2091750459","https://openalex.org/W4328053173","https://openalex.org/W2782017703","https://openalex.org/W4318003314","https://openalex.org/W2120912790","https://openalex.org/W4248805755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"outsourcing":[1],"of":[2,7,80,107,113],"the":[3,27,39,81,105,114],"design":[4,40],"and":[5,73,135],"manufacturing":[6],"Integrated":[8],"Circuits":[9],"(ICs)":[10],"poses":[11],"a":[12,32,54,78,99,118],"severe":[13],"threat":[14],"to":[15,57,93,116],"our":[16],"critical":[17],"infrastructures":[18],"as":[19,70],"an":[20,43,58],"adversary":[21],"can":[22,47],"exploit":[23],"them":[24],"by":[25,30,121],"bypassing":[26],"security":[28],"features":[29],"activating":[31],"hardware":[33,66,119,141],"Trojan.":[34],"These":[35],"malicious":[36,123],"modifications":[37],"in":[38,84,140],"introduced":[41],"at":[42],"untrusted":[44],"fabrication":[45],"site":[46],"virtually":[48],"leak":[49],"any":[50],"secret":[51],"information":[52],"from":[53],"secure":[55],"system":[56],"adversary.":[59],"This":[60,126],"paper":[61],"discusses":[62],"all":[63],"three":[64],"different":[65,94],"Trojan":[67,85,120,133,142],"models,":[68],"such":[69],"combinational,":[71],"sequential,":[72],"analog":[74],"Trojans.":[75],"We":[76,97],"provide":[77],"survey":[79,127],"recent":[82],"advancements":[83],"detection":[86,134],"techniques":[87],"classified":[88],"based":[89],"on":[90],"their":[91],"applicability":[92],"Trojans":[95],"types.":[96],"describe":[98],"practical":[100],"approach":[101],"recently":[102],"developed":[103],"using":[104],"characterization":[106],"Electro-Optical":[108],"Frequency":[109],"Mapping":[110],"(EOFM)":[111],"images":[112],"chip":[115],"detect":[117],"identifying":[122],"state":[124],"elements.":[125],"also":[128],"presents":[129],"open":[130],"problems":[131],"with":[132],"suggests":[136],"future":[137],"research":[138],"directions":[139],"detection.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}