{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313024023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9938013","title":"A 4-bit Integer-Only Neural Network Quantization Method Based on Shift Batch Normalization","display_name":"A 4-bit Integer-Only Neural Network Quantization Method Based on Shift Batch Normalization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313024023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9938013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9938013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9938013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604393","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039548811","display_name":"Qingyu Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-3933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyu Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MoE), School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100871"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MoE), School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100871","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048410928","display_name":"Xiaoxin Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-8839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxin Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MoE), School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100871"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MoE), School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100871","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409920","display_name":"Jian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0755-6779"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Zhicun (WITIN) Technology Corporation Limited,Beijing,China,100191"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Zhicun (WITIN) Technology Corporation Limited,Beijing,China,100191","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059253453","display_name":"Aifei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aifei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Zhicun (WITIN) Technology Corporation Limited,Beijing,China,100191"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Zhicun (WITIN) Technology Corporation Limited,Beijing,China,100191","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112222090","display_name":"Xinjie Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinjie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Zhicun (WITIN) Technology Corporation Limited,Beijing,China,100191"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Zhicun (WITIN) Technology Corporation Limited,Beijing,China,100191","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002438548","display_name":"Yuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4951-4286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MoE), School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100871","Beijing Laboratory of future IC technology and science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University,Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MoE), School of Integrated Circuits,Beijing,China,100871","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Laboratory of future IC technology and science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2758,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79378448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"707","last_page":"711"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.882093071937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7250336408615112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.6744964122772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6573610305786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.6101232171058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5334762334823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.5093494653701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.393989622592926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3684520721435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29613399505615234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.882093071937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7250336408615112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.6744964122772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6573610305786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6101232171058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5334762334823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.5093494653701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.393989622592926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3684520721435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29613399505615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9938013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9938013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604393","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1999085092","https://openalex.org/W2524428287","https://openalex.org/W2797583228","https://openalex.org/W2963082137","https://openalex.org/W2963122961","https://openalex.org/W3137147200","https://openalex.org/W3171689473","https://openalex.org/W4289548082","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6727208969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090288569","https://openalex.org/W2625840880","https://openalex.org/W3008102594","https://openalex.org/W2786098160","https://openalex.org/W4280607397","https://openalex.org/W3021285772","https://openalex.org/W3216454443","https://openalex.org/W4291171966","https://openalex.org/W4291149468","https://openalex.org/W3158216587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neural":[0],"networks":[1,15,75,85,105],"are":[2,36],"powerful,":[3],"but":[4],"at":[5],"the":[6,29],"cost":[7],"of":[8,11],"huge":[9,30],"amounts":[10],"computation.":[12],"Deploying":[13],"neural":[14],"on":[16,64,72,110],"edge":[17],"devices":[18],"is":[19,23,59,99],"especially":[20],"challenging.":[21],"Quantization":[22],"a":[24,111],"possible":[25],"solution":[26],"to":[27,61,115],"alleviate":[28],"cost,":[31],"while":[32],"most":[33],"quantization":[34,47,57,71,84,98],"methods":[35],"not":[37],"sufficiently":[38],"hardware-friendly.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41,56,117],"paper,":[42],"we":[43],"proposed":[44],"an":[45],"integer-only":[46],"method.":[48],"With":[49],"no":[50],"division":[51],"or":[52],"big":[53],"integer":[54],"multiplication,":[55],"method":[58],"suitable":[60],"be":[62],"deployed":[63,103],"co-designed":[65],"hardware":[66],"platforms.":[67],"We":[68,101],"applied":[69],"4-bit":[70],"some":[73],"classical":[74],"and":[76,82,109],"corresponding":[77],"datasets.":[78],"On":[79,92],"MNIST,":[80],"CIFAR10":[81],"CFAR100,":[83],"perform":[86],"as":[87,89],"well":[88],"original":[90],"networks.":[91],"SpeechCommands,":[93],"accuracy":[94],"error":[95],"induced":[96],"by":[97],"0.16%.":[100],"also":[102],"quantized":[104],"under":[106],"OpenCL":[107],"framework":[108],"flash-based":[112],"in-memory-computing":[113],"chip":[114],"verify":[116],"method\u2019s":[118],"feasibility.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
