{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312292899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937315","title":"0.08mm<sup>2</sup> 128nW MFCC Engine for Ultra-low Power, Always-on Smart Sensing Applications","display_name":"0.08mm<sup>2</sup> 128nW MFCC Engine for Ultra-low Power, Always-on Smart Sensing Applications","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312292899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937315","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604393","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/159307/2/MFCC%20Engine%20for%20Ultra-low%20Power%2c%20Always-on%20Smart%20Sensing%20Applications%20%28final%20checked%29.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019055130","display_name":"Yi Sheng Chong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4136-6570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Sheng Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University (NTU),School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Singapore","Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, NTU, Energy Research Institute, Singapore","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University (NTU),School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, NTU, Energy Research Institute, Singapore","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042682339","display_name":"Wang Ling Goh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-8941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Ling Goh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University (NTU),School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Singapore","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University (NTU),School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068243197","display_name":"Yew-Soon Ong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-169X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yew Soon Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, NTU,Singapore","School of Computer Science and Engineering, NTU, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, NTU,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I79891267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, NTU, Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036682724","display_name":"Vishnu P. Nambiar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5570-5911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vishnu P. Nambiar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics,A&#x002A;STAR,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics,A&#x002A;STAR,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025205426","display_name":"Anh Tuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0974-6291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anh Tuan Do","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics,A&#x002A;STAR,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics,A&#x002A;STAR,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"2680","last_page":"2684"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mel-frequency-cepstrum","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","score":0.9247838854789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.667201042175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-spotting","display_name":"Keyword spotting","score":0.5473159551620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4075537621974945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37325942516326904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37114912271499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.33656764030456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.326354056596756}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151989614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440370","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","level":3,"score":0.9247838854789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.667201042175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781213101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398558","display_name":"Keyword spotting","level":2,"score":0.5473159551620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4075537621974945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37325942516326904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37114912271499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.33656764030456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.326354056596756}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937315","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604393","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/159307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/159307","pdf_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/159307/2/MFCC%20Engine%20for%20Ultra-low%20Power%2c%20Always-on%20Smart%20Sensing%20Applications%20%28final%20checked%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/159307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/159307","pdf_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/159307/2/MFCC%20Engine%20for%20Ultra-low%20Power%2c%20Always-on%20Smart%20Sensing%20Applications%20%28final%20checked%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312292899.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4312292899.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538323930","https://openalex.org/W1578856370","https://openalex.org/W1923763959","https://openalex.org/W2041124359","https://openalex.org/W2061171222","https://openalex.org/W2077114283","https://openalex.org/W2148154194","https://openalex.org/W2557139718","https://openalex.org/W2769815858","https://openalex.org/W2797583228","https://openalex.org/W2903808580","https://openalex.org/W2947645980","https://openalex.org/W2999172512","https://openalex.org/W3005319366","https://openalex.org/W3010900367","https://openalex.org/W3037146579","https://openalex.org/W3047612883","https://openalex.org/W3094272606","https://openalex.org/W6632208634","https://openalex.org/W6640355072","https://openalex.org/W6750665317","https://openalex.org/W6784880567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391266561","https://openalex.org/W1972612950","https://openalex.org/W4382052966","https://openalex.org/W2736574136","https://openalex.org/W2038216521","https://openalex.org/W4399693842","https://openalex.org/W2399955410","https://openalex.org/W3126677997","https://openalex.org/W2565286512","https://openalex.org/W2097377227"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mel":[0],"frequency":[1],"cepstral":[2],"coefficient":[3],"(MFCC)":[4],"features":[5,54],"are":[6,105],"widely":[7],"used":[8],"in":[9,65,100],"applications":[10,67],"such":[11,68],"as":[12,69],"keyword":[13,70],"spotting,":[14],"bearing":[15,73],"fault":[16,74],"detection":[17],"and":[18,72,93,109,114],"heart":[19],"sound":[20],"classification.":[21],"This":[22],"work":[23],"proposes":[24],"a":[25],"low":[26],"power":[27,113],"MFCC":[28,48,53,85],"engine":[29],"that":[30],"enables":[31],"its":[32],"use":[33],"for":[34],"battery-powered":[35],"edge":[36],"applications.":[37],"Three":[38],"hardware":[39,49,86],"algorithm":[40],"co-optimizations":[41],"were":[42],"adopted":[43],"to":[44,56,120],"achieve":[45],"energy":[46],"efficient":[47],"implementation.":[50],"The":[51,83],"approximated":[52],"due":[55],"the":[57,121],"optimizations":[58],"still":[59],"allows":[60],"good":[61],"accuracy":[62,78],"when":[63,118],"deployed":[64],"several":[66],"spotting":[71],"detection,":[75],"reporting":[76],"negligible":[77],"drop":[79],"of":[80],"$\\le":[81],"1.5$%.":[82],"proposed":[84],"consumes":[87],"only":[88,95],"128nW":[89],"at":[90],"0.3V":[91],"supply":[92],"occupies":[94],"0.08mm":[96],"<sup":[97],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[98],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[99],"40nm":[101],"CMOS":[102],"technology,":[103],"which":[104],"$5":[106],"\\times":[107,111],"$":[108,112],"$2.75":[110],"area":[115],"reduction":[116],"respectively":[117],"compared":[119],"prior":[122],"arts.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2023-01-04T00:00:00"}