{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312875357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937212","title":"Spectre attack detection with Neutral Network on RISC-V processor","display_name":"Spectre attack detection with Neutral Network on RISC-V processor","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312875357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604393","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079494474","display_name":"Anh-Tien Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-4796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anh-Tien Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025387024","display_name":"Trong-Thuc Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4078-0836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trong-Thuc Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061203663","display_name":"Ba-Anh Dao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-6398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ba-Anh Dao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102897632","display_name":"Akira Tsukamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3339-7177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73613424","display_name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01703db54","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akira Tsukamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,Tokyo,Japan","National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067274985","display_name":"Kuniyasu Suzaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0912-0087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203189479","display_name":"The Open University of Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyr9x65","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203189479"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuniyasu Suzaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Research Association of Secure IoT Edge Application based on RISC-V Open Architecture,Tokyo,Japan","Technology Research Association of Secure IoT Edge Application based on RISC-V Open Architecture, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Research Association of Secure IoT Edge Application based on RISC-V Open Architecture,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203189479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Research Association of Secure IoT Edge Application based on RISC-V Open Architecture, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042912660","display_name":"Cong\u2010Kha Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-4919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong-Kha Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079494474"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.415,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59529196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2467","last_page":"2471"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7021684050559998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduced-instruction-set-computing","display_name":"Reduced instruction set computing","score":0.6737399101257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutral-network","display_name":"Neutral network","score":0.4670841693878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3765358328819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3628422021865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2593386173248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instruction-set","display_name":"Instruction set","score":0.23192209005355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.11715888977050781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0807243287563324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7021684050559998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126298526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189376","display_name":"Reduced instruction set computing","level":3,"score":0.6737399101257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198125213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17155419","display_name":"Neutral network","level":3,"score":0.4670841693878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3765358328819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3628422021865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2593386173248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202491316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272683","display_name":"Instruction set","level":2,"score":0.23192209005355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.11715888977050781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0807243287563324}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas48785.2022.9937212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604393","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337495","display_name":"Technology Development","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1427174644","https://openalex.org/W2579697044","https://openalex.org/W2588464298","https://openalex.org/W2785607367","https://openalex.org/W2900479912","https://openalex.org/W2946772038","https://openalex.org/W2963311060","https://openalex.org/W2964281551","https://openalex.org/W3015216799","https://openalex.org/W3091203602","https://openalex.org/W3165348418","https://openalex.org/W3170203330","https://openalex.org/W4232751114","https://openalex.org/W6628261430","https://openalex.org/W6732034840","https://openalex.org/W6748261154","https://openalex.org/W6756740455","https://openalex.org/W6778035576","https://openalex.org/W7055119176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W1993387723"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"goal":[1],"of":[2,10,91,109,123],"this":[3,49],"study":[4],"is":[5],"to":[6,40,44,73,83,132],"investigate":[7,52],"the":[8,15,71,75,85,89,134],"problem":[9],"caches":[11],"side-channel":[12,59,139],"attacks":[13],"on":[14],"open-source":[16],"RISC-V":[17],"architecture.":[18],"Traditionally,":[19],"these":[20],"concerns":[21],"have":[22],"been":[23],"addressed":[24],"by":[25],"research":[26],"into":[27],"hardware":[28],"enhancements":[29],"or":[30,42],"software":[31],"defense":[32],"strategies.":[33],"Those":[34],"methods":[35],"are,":[36],"unfortunately,":[37],"extremely":[38],"hard":[39],"accomplish":[41],"lead":[43],"significant":[45],"performance":[46,68],"degradation.":[47],"In":[48],"article,":[50],"we":[51,129],"at":[53],"a":[54,80,97,113,137],"system":[55],"for":[56],"identifying":[57],"cache":[58,77,92,100,138],"threats":[60],"such":[61],"Spectre":[62,114],"in":[63,96,116],"real":[64],"time.":[65],"We":[66],"utilize":[67],"counters":[69],"inside":[70],"processor":[72],"track":[74],"processor\u2019s":[76],"behavior":[78],"and":[79,111],"neural":[81,104],"network":[82,105],"evaluate":[84],"acquired":[86],"data.":[87],"Since":[88],"presence":[90],"side-channels":[93],"typically":[94],"results":[95],"dramatically":[98],"altered":[99],"utilization":[101],"behaviors,":[102],"our":[103,117],"would":[106],"take":[107],"advantage":[108],"it":[110],"detect":[112],"attack":[115,140],"test":[118],"environment":[119],"with":[120],"an":[121],"accuracy":[122],"more":[124],"than":[125],"99%.":[126],"To":[127],"summarize,":[128],"are":[130],"able":[131],"inform":[133],"user":[135],"when":[136],"occurs":[141],"using":[142],"data":[143],"from":[144],"only":[145],"four":[146],"counters.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-01T08:55:55.761014","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}