{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385679710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas46773.2023.10181862","title":"ECHOES: a 200 GOPS/W Frequency Domain SoC with FFT Processor and I<sup>2</sup>S DSP for Flexible Data Acquisition from Microphone Arrays","display_name":"ECHOES: a 200 GOPS/W Frequency Domain SoC with FFT Processor and I<sup>2</sup>S DSP for Flexible Data Acquisition from Microphone Arrays","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385679710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas46773.2023.10181862"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas46773.2023.10181862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas46773.2023.10181862","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://iris.unimore.it/bitstream/11380/1315494/1/2305.07325.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069337658","display_name":"M. Sinigaglia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3350-8789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Sinigaglia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079484467","display_name":"Luca Bertaccini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5778-8968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Bertaccini","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Z&#x00FC;rich,Integrated Systems Laboratory (IIS),Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Z&#x00FC;rich,Integrated Systems Laboratory (IIS),Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101587662","display_name":"Luca Valente","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-477X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Valente","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052915995","display_name":"Angelo Garofalo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7495-6895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelo Garofalo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000858956","display_name":"Simone Benatti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5700-5342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Benatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Modena e Reggio Emilia,Department of Science and Methods for Engineering (DISMI),Italy","Department of Science and Methods for Engineering (DISMI), University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Modena e Reggio Emilia,Department of Science and Methods for Engineering (DISMI),Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Methods for Engineering (DISMI), University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043408422","display_name":"Luca Benini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8068-3806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Benini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038717922","display_name":"Francesco Conti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-933X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Conti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023905268","display_name":"Davide Rossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0651-5393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Rossi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI),Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069337658"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3873,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59550512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6897200345993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.6846051216125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","score":0.5767508149147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5461720824241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.45825329422950745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4431918263435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.42078205943107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point","display_name":"Floating point","score":0.4149520993232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16051387786865234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6897200345993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.6846051216125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.5767508149147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5461720824241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.45825329422950745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4431918263435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.42078205943107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84211073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879","display_name":"Floating point","level":2,"score":0.4149520993232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16051387786865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas46773.2023.10181862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas46773.2023.10181862","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1315494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1315494","pdf_url":"https://iris.unimore.it/bitstream/11380/1315494/1/2305.07325.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/952943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/952943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1315494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1315494","pdf_url":"https://iris.unimore.it/bitstream/11380/1315494/1/2305.07325.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3930056189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"877056","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327207","funder_display_name":"Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6895693228","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"877056","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327207","display_name":"Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385679710.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054376946","https://openalex.org/W2092286822","https://openalex.org/W2104865560","https://openalex.org/W2129092579","https://openalex.org/W2518789752","https://openalex.org/W2770020066","https://openalex.org/W2777707322","https://openalex.org/W2962785840","https://openalex.org/W2963255460","https://openalex.org/W3024145105","https://openalex.org/W3138317179","https://openalex.org/W3138912185","https://openalex.org/W3175843654","https://openalex.org/W3196188193","https://openalex.org/W4282032811","https://openalex.org/W4283717919","https://openalex.org/W6792033716"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4327521644","https://openalex.org/W2978884468","https://openalex.org/W3132558499","https://openalex.org/W2005846134","https://openalex.org/W2168413811","https://openalex.org/W2369237035","https://openalex.org/W2948041274","https://openalex.org/W4226515754","https://openalex.org/W2087878472","https://openalex.org/W2322333442"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emerging":[0],"applications":[1],"in":[2,32,38],"the":[3,33,39,111],"IoT":[4],"domain":[5,35,196],"require":[6,26],"ultra-low-power":[7],"and":[8,22,56,63,92,141,155,177,183],"high-performance":[9],"end-nodes":[10],"to":[11,29,124,166,181],"deal":[12],"with":[13,54,102,122,130,169],"complex":[14],"near-sensor-data":[15],"analytics.":[16],"Domains":[17],"such":[18],"as":[19],"audio,":[20],"radar,":[21],"Structural":[23],"Health":[24],"Monitoring":[25],"many":[27],"computations":[28],"be":[30],"performed":[31],"frequency":[34,195],"rather":[36],"than":[37],"time":[40],"domain.":[41],"We":[42],"present":[43],"Echoes,":[44,128],"a":[45,50,64,83,135,142,150],"System-On-a-Chip":[46],"(SoC)":[47],"composed":[48],"of":[49,86,138,146,153,172,190],"RISC-V":[51],"core":[52],"enhanced":[53],"fixed-":[55],"floating-point":[57],"digital":[58,93],"signal":[59],"processing":[60],"(DSP)":[61],"extensions":[62],"Fast-Fourier":[65],"Transform":[66],"(FFT)":[67],"hardware":[68],"accelerator":[69,162],"targeting":[70],"emerging":[71],"frequency-domain":[72],"application.":[73],"The":[74,160],"proposed":[75],"SoC":[76,114],"features":[77],"an":[78,170],"autonomous":[79],"I/O":[80],"engine":[81],"supporting":[82],"wide":[84,151],"set":[85],"peripherals,":[87],"including":[88],"Ultra-Low-Power":[89],"radars,":[90],"MEMS,":[91],"microphones":[94],"over":[95,186],"I":[96],"<sup":[97],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[98],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[99],"S":[100],"protocol":[101],"full-duplex":[103],"Time":[104],"Division":[105],"Multiplexing":[106],"DSP":[107,158],"mode,":[108],"making":[109],"Echoes":[110],"first":[112],"open-source":[113],"which":[115],"offers":[116],"this":[117,191],"functionality":[118],"enabling":[119],"simultaneous":[120],"communication":[121],"up":[123,165,180],"16":[125],"I/Os":[126],"devices.":[127],"fabricated":[129],"65nm":[131],"CMOS":[132],"technology,":[133],"reaches":[134],"peak":[136,143],"performance":[137,164,176],"0.16":[139],"GFLOPS":[140],"energy":[144],"efficiency":[145,171,178],"9.68":[147],"GFLOPS/W":[148],"on":[149],"range":[152],"floating":[154],"fixed-point":[156],"general-purpose":[157],"kernels.":[159],"FFT":[161],"achieves":[163],"10.16":[167],"GOPS":[168],"199.8":[173],"GOPS/W,":[174],"improving":[175],"by":[179],"41.1\u00d7":[182],"11.2\u00d7,":[184],"respectively,":[185],"its":[187],"software":[188],"implementation":[189],"critical":[192],"task":[193],"for":[194],"processing.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-12T07:58:50.170612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}