{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091046936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas45731.2020.9180920","title":"An In-Flash Binary Neural Network Accelerator with SLC NAND Flash Array","display_name":"An In-Flash Binary Neural Network Accelerator with SLC NAND Flash Array","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091046936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas45731.2020.9180920","mag":"3091046936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas45731.2020.9180920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas45731.2020.9180920","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003182086","display_name":"Won Ho Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6848-0379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121352","display_name":"Western Digital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hqwnx33","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Won Ho Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023301745","display_name":"Pi-Feng Chiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6665-3555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121352","display_name":"Western Digital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hqwnx33","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pi-Feng Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006773892","display_name":"Wen Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8192-2506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121352","display_name":"Western Digital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hqwnx33","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036571259","display_name":"Gertjan Hemink","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121352","display_name":"Western Digital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hqwnx33","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gertjan Hemink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042050825","display_name":"Tung Thanh Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-5879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121352","display_name":"Western Digital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hqwnx33","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tung Thanh Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043422237","display_name":"Martin Lueker-Boden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-7023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121352","display_name":"Western Digital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hqwnx33","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Lueker-Boden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000460800","display_name":"Zvonimir Bandi\u0107","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121352","display_name":"Western Digital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hqwnx33","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zvonimir Bandic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Digital Research, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003182086"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121352"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1274,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80512507,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nand-gate","display_name":"NAND gate","score":0.6586990356445312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6274871826171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.571610152721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash-memory","display_name":"Flash memory","score":0.5455595254898071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4986088275909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.49377569556236267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.481810986995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash","display_name":"Flash (photography)","score":0.47390496730804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4300122559070587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.4157712459564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3731392025947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.36839258670806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3402233123779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.29774805903434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.18643924593925476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18562203645706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.16004103422164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.156215101480484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13312605023384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11307942867279053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09876707196235657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124296912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575178","display_name":"NAND gate","level":3,"score":0.6586990356445312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6274871826171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.571610152721405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776531357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174077","display_name":"Flash memory","level":2,"score":0.5455595254898071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4986088275909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.49377569556236267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.481810986995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221836","display_name":"Flash (photography)","level":2,"score":0.47390496730804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4300122559070587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.4157712459564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3731392025947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.36839258670806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3402233123779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.29774805903434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.18643924593925476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18562203645706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.16004103422164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.156215101480484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13312605023384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11307942867279053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09876707196235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas45731.2020.9180920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas45731.2020.9180920","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048266589","https://openalex.org/W2128607743","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2300242332","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2792589388","https://openalex.org/W2801589453","https://openalex.org/W2905557681","https://openalex.org/W2943231506","https://openalex.org/W6698200048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054139911","https://openalex.org/W1577524679","https://openalex.org/W2162027152","https://openalex.org/W2386432552","https://openalex.org/W4230869547","https://openalex.org/W2489439822","https://openalex.org/W2355887979","https://openalex.org/W2116397085","https://openalex.org/W4285309357","https://openalex.org/W2535372975"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0,101],"SLC":[1,25],"NAND":[2,26],"array":[3,96],"based":[4,124],"in-flash":[5,75,98,102],"computing":[6,76,99,103],"core":[7,77,104],"is":[8,68,81,105],"proposed":[9],"for":[10,47,78,117,121],"enabling":[11],"vector-matrix":[12,66],"multiplications":[13,67],"in":[14,31],"binarized":[15,40],"neural":[16],"network":[17,22],"(BNN)":[18],"and":[19,56],"binary":[20],"weight":[21,41],"(BWN).":[23],"Two":[24],"floating":[27],"gate":[28],"(FG)":[29],"cells":[30],"the":[32,49,63,128],"same":[33],"string":[34],"store":[35],"complementary":[36],"data":[37],"to":[38,93,107],"encode":[39],"value":[42],"of":[43,65,86,97,114,130],"a":[44,94],"single":[45],"synapse":[46],"realizing":[48],"BNN":[50],"algorithm.":[51],"By":[52],"activating":[53],"multiple":[54],"BLs":[55],"WLs":[57],"across":[58],"block":[59],"and/or":[60],"plane":[61],"levels,":[62],"performance":[64],"significantly":[69],"accelerated.":[70],"The":[71],"system":[72],"architecture":[73],"using":[74],"BNN/BWN":[79,87],"acceleration":[80],"introduced.":[82],"A":[83],"wide":[84],"range":[85],"models":[88],"can":[89],"be":[90],"efficiently":[91],"mapped":[92],"scalable":[95],"core.":[100],"able":[106],"achieve":[108],"an":[109],"estimated":[110],"peak":[111],"energy":[112],"efficiency":[113],"2.56":[115],"TOP/s/W":[116],"BNN,":[118],"292.6":[119],"GOP/s/W":[120],"8-b":[122],"input":[123],"BWN":[125],"by":[126],"customizing":[127],"numbers":[129],"word-lines":[131],"(WLs)/BLs/blocks/planes.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T06:45:51.903784","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}