{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943488945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702519","title":"Non-Ideal Effects of Memristor-CMOS Hybrid Circuits for Realizing Multiple-Layer Neural Networks","display_name":"Non-Ideal Effects of Memristor-CMOS Hybrid Circuits for Realizing Multiple-Layer Neural Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943488945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702519","mag":"2943488945"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2019.8702519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702519","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062934104","display_name":"Khoa Van Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-5856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khoa Van Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063226833","display_name":"Kyeong\u2010Sik Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1518-7037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyeong-Sik Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3718,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97739164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memristor","display_name":"Memristor","score":0.93772292137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6737866401672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6555362939834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6089708805084229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5542595982551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.477857768535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.46776434779167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.4625702500343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","score":0.44197288155555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossbar-switch","display_name":"Crossbar switch","score":0.4154362976551056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.36943769454956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.36717167496681213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27942797541618347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2113635540008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17466819286346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11925777792930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1057044267654419}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150072547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212923","display_name":"Memristor","level":2,"score":0.93772292137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6737866401672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6555362939834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6089708805084229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5542595982551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.477857768535614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46776434779167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.4625702500343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840396","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","level":2,"score":0.44197288155555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29984679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929149","display_name":"Crossbar switch","level":2,"score":0.4154362976551056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.36943769454956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.36717167496681213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27942797541618347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2113635540008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17466819286346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11925777792930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1057044267654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2019.8702519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702519","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1902934009","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2013055927","https://openalex.org/W2112181056","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2182396527","https://openalex.org/W2319920447","https://openalex.org/W2399958287","https://openalex.org/W2524428287","https://openalex.org/W2621466894","https://openalex.org/W2756816131","https://openalex.org/W2769433089","https://openalex.org/W2775771159","https://openalex.org/W2800653266","https://openalex.org/W2900162849","https://openalex.org/W2963114950","https://openalex.org/W3106392217","https://openalex.org/W6639703010","https://openalex.org/W6727208969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1872623660","https://openalex.org/W3207218810","https://openalex.org/W4292697011","https://openalex.org/W3212508523","https://openalex.org/W1995352804","https://openalex.org/W2909534142","https://openalex.org/W2086672837","https://openalex.org/W1940420793","https://openalex.org/W4367187682","https://openalex.org/W3215957123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,62],"this":[1,114],"paper,":[2,115],"we":[3,139,172,179],"analyze":[4,105,173,190],"and":[5,26,106,152,174,189,200,231],"discuss":[6,107,175],"various":[7,96,169,226],"non-ideal":[8,88,142,183],"effects":[9,143,184],"of":[10,24,42,118,144,161,228],"Memristor-CMOS":[11,186],"hybrid":[12,187],"circuits":[13,148,188],"to":[14,54,95,168,224],"realize":[15],"multiple-layer":[16],"neural":[17,20,119,125,222],"networks.":[18],"The":[19,45],"networks":[21],"are":[22],"composed":[23],"synapses":[25,129],"neurons.":[27],"For":[28,87,122],"mimicking":[29],"synapses,":[30],"memristors":[31,218],"have":[32],"been":[33],"studied":[34],"intensively":[35],"many":[36],"years":[37],"as":[38,217],"a":[39],"potential":[40],"candidate":[41],"hardware":[43],"realization.":[44],"3-dimensional":[46],"connectivity":[47],"in":[48,59,71,77,81,98,110,113,116,185,205],"memristor":[49,64,90,111],"crossbars":[50,65,82,91],"seems":[51],"very":[52,75],"similar":[53],"the":[55,68,124,141,158,182,194,207,212],"real":[56],"neuronal":[57],"structure":[58],"human's":[60],"brain.":[61],"addition,":[63],"can":[66,92,164,202],"calculate":[67],"weighted":[69],"summation":[70],"parallel.":[72],"This":[73],"is":[74],"useful":[76,204],"performing":[78],"Vector-Matrix":[79],"Multiplication":[80],"like":[83],"brain's":[84,229],"parallel":[85],"computation.":[86],"effects,":[89],"be":[93,134,166,203],"susceptible":[94,167],"variations":[97,109],"synaptic":[99],"memristance,":[100],"parasitic":[101],"resistance,":[102],"etc.":[103],"We":[104],"these":[108,176],"crossbars,":[112],"terms":[117],"network's":[120,195],"performance.":[121,196],"completing":[123],"networks,":[126,223],"not":[127],"only":[128],"but":[130],"also":[131,165],"neurons":[132,163],"should":[133],"implemented.":[135],"To":[136],"do":[137],"so,":[138],"consider":[140],"two":[145],"CMOS":[146,162,209],"neuron":[147],"which":[149],"perform":[150],"ReLU":[151],"Sigmoid":[153],"activation":[154],"functions,":[155],"respectively.":[156],"Because":[157],"circuit":[159],"elements":[160],"Process-Voltage-Temperature":[170],"variations,":[171],"effects.":[177],"And,":[178],"combine":[180],"all":[181],"how":[191],"they":[192],"affect":[193],"These":[197],"analysis":[198],"results":[199],"discussion":[201],"combining":[206],"well-established":[208],"technology":[210],"with":[211],"new":[213],"emerging":[214],"devices":[215],"such":[216],"for":[219],"realizing":[220],"large-scale":[221],"exploit":[225],"advantages":[227],"architecture":[230],"function.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}