{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2942641729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702123","title":"BEOL NEM Relay Based Sequential Logic Circuits","display_name":"BEOL NEM Relay Based Sequential Logic Circuits","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2942641729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702123","mag":"2942641729"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2019.8702123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674569","display_name":"Ren Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7504-2147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016056587","display_name":"Reem Alhadrami","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125656591","display_name":"Effat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cnwgt19","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reem Alhadrami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125656591"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004091989","display_name":"Hossein Fariborzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7828-0239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Fariborzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6055,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68416233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11272","display_name":"Nanowire Synthesis and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.7002065777778625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.6390029191970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6040602326393127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5540741682052612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-synthesis","display_name":"Logic synthesis","score":0.4624040722846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pass-transistor-logic","display_name":"Pass transistor logic","score":0.45416077971458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor\u2013transistor-logic","display_name":"Resistor\u2013transistor logic","score":0.4344833493232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4157135486602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-logic","display_name":"Sequential logic","score":0.41168034076690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-family","display_name":"Logic family","score":0.400880366563797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2815327048301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-electronics","display_name":"Digital electronics","score":0.24126484990119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15237075090408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10677152872085571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07254362106323242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.7002065777778625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.6390029191970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6040602326393127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5540741682052612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.4624040722846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198521697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7142438","display_name":"Pass transistor logic","level":4,"score":0.45416077971458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180405849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173464","display_name":"Resistor\u2013transistor logic","level":5,"score":0.4344833493232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4157135486602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187075797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173245","display_name":"Sequential logic","level":3,"score":0.41168034076690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162454741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173359","display_name":"Logic family","level":4,"score":0.400880366563797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2815327048301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81843906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173156","display_name":"Digital electronics","level":3,"score":0.24126484990119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15237075090408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10677152872085571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07254362106323242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2019.8702123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/631395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/631395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966361922","https://openalex.org/W1966797259","https://openalex.org/W1975216008","https://openalex.org/W1977075265","https://openalex.org/W2009608485","https://openalex.org/W2049184907","https://openalex.org/W2069869226","https://openalex.org/W2077070937","https://openalex.org/W2085525392","https://openalex.org/W2086094305","https://openalex.org/W2088115909","https://openalex.org/W2109585303","https://openalex.org/W2120241750","https://openalex.org/W2139008889","https://openalex.org/W2153558271","https://openalex.org/W2167090232","https://openalex.org/W2480769178","https://openalex.org/W4239175426"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1908137878","https://openalex.org/W1627049580","https://openalex.org/W1485027372","https://openalex.org/W4293690685","https://openalex.org/W2132796854","https://openalex.org/W2997751809","https://openalex.org/W2991131051","https://openalex.org/W2100620961","https://openalex.org/W1912101345","https://openalex.org/W2594283002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,54],"recent":[1],"years":[2],"Nano-electromechanical":[3],"(NEM)":[4],"relays":[5],"have":[6],"been":[7],"proposed":[8,103],"as":[9],"promising":[10],"candidates":[11],"to":[12,23,92],"complement":[13],"or":[14],"replace":[15],"CMOS":[16,51],"technology":[17,39],"in":[18,122],"ultra-low":[19,133],"power":[20,134],"applications,":[21,128],"due":[22,91],"their":[24],"zero":[25],"off-state":[26],"leakage":[27],"and":[28,62,76,79,115],"abrupt":[29],"turn":[30],"on/off":[31],"behavior.":[32],"The":[33],"development":[34],"of":[35,43,64,96,110,125],"the":[36,41,48,59,93,97,102,123,130],"air":[37],"gap":[38],"enables":[40],"implementation":[42],"vertical":[44],"relays,":[45,73],"compatible":[46],"with":[47,70],"Back-End-of-Line":[49],"(BEOL)":[50],"fabrication":[52],"processes.":[53],"this":[55],"work,":[56],"we":[57,99],"present":[58],"design,":[60],"implementation,":[61],"analysis":[63],"integrated":[65],"sequential":[66],"logic":[67],"blocks":[68],"built":[69],"BEOL":[71],"NEM":[72],"using":[74],"custom":[75],"commercial":[77],"modeling":[78],"simulation":[80],"tools.":[81],"While":[82],"relay":[83],"circuits":[84,104],"are":[85,136],"inevitably":[86],"slower":[87],"than":[88,107,139],"transistor":[89],"counterparts":[90],"mechanical":[94],"nature":[95],"operation,":[98],"show":[100],"that":[101],"offer":[105],"more":[106],"one":[108],"order":[109],"magnitude":[111],"saving":[112],"on":[113],"energy":[114],"area":[116],"consumption.":[117],"This":[118],"is":[119],"particularly":[120],"attractive":[121],"Internet":[124],"Things":[126],"(IoT)":[127],"where":[129],"requirements":[131],"for":[132,141],"consumption":[135],"significantly":[137],"stricter":[138],"those":[140],"computation":[142],"speed.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}