{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2802255811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351118","title":"A Scalable Fully Synthesized Phase-to-Digital Converter for Phase and Duty-Cycle Measurement of High-Speed Clocks","display_name":"A Scalable Fully Synthesized Phase-to-Digital Converter for Phase and Duty-Cycle Measurement of High-Speed Clocks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2802255811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351118","mag":"2802255811"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2018.8351118","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351118","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027557514","display_name":"Nico Angeli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7731-9859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technical University of Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nico Angeli","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Darmstadt, Integrated Electronic Systems Lab, Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Darmstadt, Integrated Electronic Systems Lab, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061804977","display_name":"Klaus Hofmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6675-0221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technical University of Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaus Hofmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Darmstadt, Integrated Electronic Systems Lab, Darmstadt, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Darmstadt, Integrated Electronic Systems Lab, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027557514"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66605484,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.7688406705856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.75896155834198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5939842462539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5639429688453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5434461236000061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5336502194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5318334698677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4993433952331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4882636070251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.48025014996528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.4700896739959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3124037981033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2718791365623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2657243311405182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25065815448760986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.7688406705856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.75896155834198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5939842462539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5639429688453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5434461236000061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5336502194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5318334698677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4993433952331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4882636070251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.48025014996528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.4700896739959717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3124037981033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2718791365623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2657243311405182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25065815448760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2018.8351118","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351118","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:122502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/122502/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Konferenzver\u00f6ffentlichung"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1547294555","https://openalex.org/W1925667094","https://openalex.org/W1963822269","https://openalex.org/W2003275364","https://openalex.org/W2010691732","https://openalex.org/W2012162936","https://openalex.org/W2031103086","https://openalex.org/W2111679634","https://openalex.org/W2131629103","https://openalex.org/W2143085570","https://openalex.org/W2147533202","https://openalex.org/W2161518222","https://openalex.org/W6640183248","https://openalex.org/W6676458228"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310608679","https://openalex.org/W112744582","https://openalex.org/W2356562257","https://openalex.org/W2218086155","https://openalex.org/W2152489633","https://openalex.org/W2543578664","https://openalex.org/W2793587211","https://openalex.org/W1491025498","https://openalex.org/W2519164447","https://openalex.org/W2080426082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,46],"work":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,9,63,74,107],"Phase-to-Digital":[4],"Converter":[5],"(PDC)":[6],"synthesisable":[7],"from":[8],"standard":[10],"cell":[11],"library":[12],"that":[13],"enables":[14],"the":[15,30,36,39,48,51,67,71,81,113,117],"measurement":[16],"of":[17,21,29,38,41,50,70,116],"phase":[18,57,120],"and":[19,26,61,100,122,132],"duty-cycle":[20,59,123],"high-speed":[22],"clocks.":[23],"The":[24,88],"resolution":[25],"sample":[27],"rate":[28],"PDC":[31,52,118],"can":[32],"be":[33],"adjusted":[34],"by":[35],"choice":[37],"frequency":[40],"an":[42,93],"additional":[43],"input":[44],"clock.":[45],"allows":[47],"use":[49,115],"in":[53,106,125],"closed-loop":[54],"systems":[55],"for":[56,119],"or":[58],"adjustments":[60],"provides":[62],"way":[64],"to":[65,79,86,97],"minimize":[66],"power":[68],"consumption":[69],"circuit.":[72],"Also":[73],"calculation":[75],"method":[76],"is":[77,90],"proposed":[78],"model":[80],"PDC's":[82],"behavior":[83],"with":[84,95,128],"respect":[85],"jitter.":[87],"design":[89],"tested":[91],"on":[92],"FPGA":[94],"up":[96],"650":[98],"MHz":[99],"implementation":[101],"results":[102],"at":[103],"2.5":[104],"GHz":[105],"65":[108],"nm":[109],"CMOS":[110],"process":[111],"show":[112],"potential":[114],"alignment":[121],"adjustment":[124],"multi-gigabit":[126],"transceivers":[127],"low":[129,133],"hardware":[130],"cost":[131],"power.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-02-26T08:16:20.718346","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
