{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2802238060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351055","title":"Lightweight Hardware Architecture for Probabilistic Gradient Descent Bit Flipping on QC-LDPC Codes","display_name":"Lightweight Hardware Architecture for Probabilistic Gradient Descent Bit Flipping on QC-LDPC Codes","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2802238060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351055","mag":"2802238060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2018.8351055","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351055","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082772369","display_name":"Khoa Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1453-2537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142324","display_name":"CY Cergy Paris Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/043htjv09","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148552","display_name":"Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/0592ata02","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210142324","https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khoa Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079435024","display_name":"Fakhreddine Ghaffari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-7963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142324","display_name":"CY Cergy Paris Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/043htjv09","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148552","display_name":"Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/0592ata02","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210142324","https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fakhreddine Ghaffari","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111384640","display_name":"Lounis Kessal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142324","display_name":"CY Cergy Paris Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/043htjv09","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148552","display_name":"Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/0592ata02","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210142324","https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lounis Kessal","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022930542","display_name":"David Declercq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-7136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142324","display_name":"CY Cergy Paris Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/043htjv09","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148552","display_name":"Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/0592ata02","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210142324","https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I86175216"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Declercq","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS, Universit\u00e9 de Cergy-Pontoise, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552","https://openalex.org/I4210142324"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETIS - UMR 8051 - Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Syst\u00e8mes (6, avenue du Ponceau. F 95014 CERGY-PONTOISE CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014425919","display_name":"Valentin Savin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9362-8769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valentin Savin","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEA-LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","CEA-LETI - Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00e9nergie atomique et aux \u00e9nergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (MINATEC 17, rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9 - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA-LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA-LETI - Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00e9nergie atomique et aux \u00e9nergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (MINATEC 17, rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052005986","display_name":"Oana Boncalo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-2311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122695212","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara","ror":"https://ror.org/02v91gy68","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122695212"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oana Boncalo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department, University Politehnica Timisoara, Romania","UPT - Universit\u0103\u021bii Politehnica Timi\u0219oara [Rom\u00e2nia] = Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara [Romania] = Universit\u00e9 polytechnique de Timi\u0219oara [Roumanie] (Bv. V. P\u00e2rvan, Nr. 2, 300223, Timisoara - Romania)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, University Politehnica Timisoara, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122695212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPT - Universit\u0103\u021bii Politehnica Timi\u0219oara [Rom\u00e2nia] = Polytechnic University of Timi\u015foara [Romania] = Universit\u00e9 polytechnique de Timi\u0219oara [Roumanie] (Bv. V. P\u00e2rvan, Nr. 2, 300223, Timisoara - Romania)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122695212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1976,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55520694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.8290548324584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7273756265640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.71872878074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6371705532073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5673376321792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.47538530826568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4197552800178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permutation","display_name":"Permutation (music)","score":0.41445350646972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.39875438809394836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3426084816455841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3413556218147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.08970129489898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07883423566818237}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.8290548324584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7273756265640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.71872878074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6371705532073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5673376321792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.47538530826568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4197552800178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21308566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7169365","display_name":"Permutation (music)","level":2,"score":0.41445350646972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.39875438809394836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3426084816455841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3413556218147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.08970129489898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07883423566818237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2018.8351055","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351055","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04522910v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04522910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), May 2018, Florence, France. pp.1-5, ⟨10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351055⟩","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W617619519","https://openalex.org/W1480513126","https://openalex.org/W1980736598","https://openalex.org/W2073930901","https://openalex.org/W2082688301","https://openalex.org/W2128765501","https://openalex.org/W2150266863","https://openalex.org/W2539983166","https://openalex.org/W2561201167","https://openalex.org/W4300188436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2903058006","https://openalex.org/W2102374550","https://openalex.org/W2047069332","https://openalex.org/W2352157218","https://openalex.org/W4213381250","https://openalex.org/W2806845321","https://openalex.org/W4293418541","https://openalex.org/W2393084694","https://openalex.org/W2336709242","https://openalex.org/W4318215366"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,66,131],"Probabilistic":[1],"Gradient":[2,47],"Descent":[3,48],"Bit-Flipping":[4,49],"(PGDBF)":[5],"decoder":[6,61],"offers":[7],"a":[8,32,55,86],"significant":[9],"improvement":[10],"in":[11],"decoding":[12,27,110,147],"performance":[13,28,111],"for":[14],"Low-Density":[15],"Parity-Check":[16],"(LDPC)":[17],"codes":[18],"on":[19,42,62],"Binary":[20],"Symmetric":[21],"Channel":[22],"(BSC).":[23],"However,":[24],"this":[25],"outstanding":[26],"comes":[29],"along":[30],"with":[31,112],"non-negligible":[33],"extra":[34],"hardware":[35,120],"cost":[36,93],"to":[37,58,114],"realize":[38],"the":[39,45,72,81,92,104,108,115,128,140],"probabilistic":[40,87,97],"behavior":[41,88],"top":[43],"of":[44,71,77,94,127,133],"deterministic":[46,129],"(GDBF)":[50],"decoder.":[51],"This":[52],"paper":[53],"presents":[54],"novel":[56],"solution":[57],"implement":[59],"PGDBF":[60,109],"Quasi-Cyclic":[63],"LDPC":[64],"codes.":[65],"proposed":[67,105,135],"architecture":[68,106],"takes":[69],"advantage":[70],"cyclic":[73],"shift":[74],"permutation":[75],"nature":[76],"QC-LDPC":[78],"and":[79,146],"changes":[80],"message":[82],"flow":[83],"such":[84],"that":[85,126],"is":[89,101,137],"emulated":[90],"without":[91],"an":[95],"actual":[96],"signal":[98],"generator.":[99],"It":[100],"shown":[102],"that,":[103],"improves":[107],"respect":[113],"state-of-the-art":[116],"implementation":[117],"while":[118],"reducing":[119],"complexity,":[121],"even":[122],"being":[123],"lower":[124],"than":[125],"GDBF.":[130],"efficiency":[132],"our":[134],"method":[136],"verified":[138],"through":[139],"ASIC":[141],"90nm":[142],"CMOS":[143],"technology":[144],"implementations":[145],"simulations.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}