{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2800493370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351047","title":"Time to Digital Converter Based on a Ring Oscillator with Even Number of Non-Inverting Elements","display_name":"Time to Digital Converter Based on a Ring Oscillator with Even Number of Non-Inverting Elements","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2800493370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351047","mag":"2800493370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2018.8351047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351047","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111689801","display_name":"Manuela La Rosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-4603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154781","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/053bqv655","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuela La Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111929467","display_name":"Giovanni Sicurella","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154781","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/053bqv655","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Sicurella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103549511","display_name":"Donata Nicolosi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154781","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/053bqv655","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donata Nicolosi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021927320","display_name":"Roberto Bardelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154781","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/053bqv655","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Giorgio Bardelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Cornaredo, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced ICs Design and Technology Sensitive IPs Design, STMicroelectronics, Cornaredo, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154781"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0354214,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.8887689113616943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","score":0.6749551892280579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4671570360660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46638086438179016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","score":0.4453392028808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41477084159851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.41274094581604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.29834163188934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2620124816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2613745331764221}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8887689113616943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6749551892280579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4671570360660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46638086438179016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99594498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434524","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","level":4,"score":0.4453392028808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41477084159851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.41274094581604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.29834163188934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2620124816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2613745331764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2018.8351047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351047","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W654799228","https://openalex.org/W1921205003","https://openalex.org/W2021831632","https://openalex.org/W2086962197","https://openalex.org/W2089557579","https://openalex.org/W2110764323","https://openalex.org/W2132523705","https://openalex.org/W2152338756","https://openalex.org/W2164964876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589093285","https://openalex.org/W3176961938","https://openalex.org/W3158414702","https://openalex.org/W2992346850","https://openalex.org/W2134779194","https://openalex.org/W2147061220","https://openalex.org/W145049781","https://openalex.org/W2129773844","https://openalex.org/W2415980476","https://openalex.org/W2401428732"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,47],"proposed":[1],"Time":[2],"to":[3,25,33,84],"Digital":[4],"Converter":[5],"architecture":[6],"is":[7,23],"based":[8],"on":[9],"a":[10,37,74],"ring":[11,91],"oscillator":[12],"with":[13],"an":[14,59],"even":[15],"number":[16],"of":[17,41,49,66],"delay":[18,64],"units.":[19],"core":[21],"system":[22],"able":[24],"convert":[26],"time":[27,52],"intervals":[28],"ranging":[29],"from":[30],"0.1":[31],"ns":[32,35],"30":[34],"in":[36,82,89],"reduced":[38],"silicon":[39],"area":[40],"around":[42],"140\u00d7140":[43],"\u03bcm2for":[44],"8":[45],"bit.":[46],"extension":[48],"the":[50,67],"maximum":[51],"count":[53],"can":[54,69],"be":[55,70],"performed":[56],"by":[57,72],"adding":[58],"higher-level":[60],"counter.":[61],"Moreover,":[62],"each":[63,90],"element":[65],"converter":[68],"evaluated":[71],"using":[73],"Built-In":[75],"Self":[76],"Test":[77],"(BIST)":[78],"procedure":[79],"and":[80],"calibrated":[81],"order":[83],"reduce":[85],"process":[86],"variability":[87],"effects":[88],"stage.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}