{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038378267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865469","title":"Implementation of the conscience mechanism using single-electron transfer in competitive learning","display_name":"Implementation of the conscience mechanism using single-electron transfer in competitive learning","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038378267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865469","mag":"2038378267"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2014.6865469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101802228","display_name":"Ran Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-0533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ran Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101827210","display_name":"Chunhong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7934-7725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101802228"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57615413,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1652","last_page":"1655"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7041015028953552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conscience","display_name":"Conscience","score":0.5876741409301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5335054397583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.5161391496658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4831816256046295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.47157520055770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verilog","display_name":"Verilog","score":0.41850197315216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.18180659413337708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.13806012272834778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.135088711977005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12005794048309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08152630925178528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7041015028953552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10180917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193526","display_name":"Conscience","level":2,"score":0.5876741409301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5335054397583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5161391496658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4831816256046295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.47157520055770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779030575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827773","display_name":"Verilog","level":3,"score":0.41850197315216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18180659413337708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.13806012272834778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.135088711977005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12005794048309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08152630925178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2014.6865469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1582243846","https://openalex.org/W1983225415","https://openalex.org/W2071781501","https://openalex.org/W2074636102","https://openalex.org/W2096372126","https://openalex.org/W2101927907","https://openalex.org/W2121472132","https://openalex.org/W2164821623","https://openalex.org/W2168487341"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149126695","https://openalex.org/W2363048963","https://openalex.org/W4285211762","https://openalex.org/W180371624","https://openalex.org/W2417976801","https://openalex.org/W1547176441","https://openalex.org/W51591727","https://openalex.org/W2154320423","https://openalex.org/W4252334314","https://openalex.org/W2780134568"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,25],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,67],"single-electron":[4],"tunneling":[5],"(SET)":[6],"based":[7],"implementation":[8],"of":[9,51,79,98,112,117],"the":[10,17,29,35,47,57,63,77,80,96,110],"conscience":[11,26,64],"mechanism":[12,27,65],"in":[13,66,102,115],"order":[14],"to":[15,75],"improve":[16],"Kohonen":[18],"learning":[19],"by":[20],"accelerating":[21],"its":[22],"convergence":[23],"rate.":[24],"biases":[28],"competition":[30],"process":[31],"so":[32],"that":[33],"all":[34],"processing":[36],"elements":[37],"can":[38,61],"be":[39],"brought":[40],"into":[41],"desired":[42],"solutions":[43],"quickly.":[44],"By":[45],"utilizing":[46],"electron":[48,54],"transfer":[49],"characteristics":[50],"novel":[52],"single":[53],"devices":[55,99],"(SEDs),":[56],"proposed":[58,81,113],"circuit":[59],"architecture":[60,114],"realize":[62],"more":[68],"compact":[69],"way.":[70],"System-level":[71],"simulations":[72,84],"are":[73,89],"presented":[74],"verify":[76],"effectiveness":[78],"implementation.":[82],"Transistor-level":[83],"(including":[85],"Monte":[86],"Carlo":[87],"simulations)":[88],"also":[90],"performed":[91],"with":[92],"analytical":[93],"models":[94],"where":[95],"behavior":[97],"is":[100],"described":[101],"Verilog":[103],"modeling":[104],"language.":[105],"Extensive":[106],"simulation":[107],"results":[108],"show":[109],"advantages":[111],"terms":[116],"area":[118],"and":[119],"power":[120],"cost.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
