{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040977806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865100","title":"Multilevel error correction scheme for MLC flash memory","display_name":"Multilevel error correction scheme for MLC flash memory","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040977806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865100","mag":"2040977806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2014.6865100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865100","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028178103","display_name":"Zhiqiang Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0769-8937"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Worcester Polytech. Inst., Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Worcester Polytech. Inst., Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697000","display_name":"Zhongfeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0402-7334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongfeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Worcester Polytech. Inst., Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Worcester Polytech. Inst., Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042654091","display_name":"Xinming Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-3448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Worcester Polytech. Inst., Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Worcester Polytech. Inst., Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12485958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"201","last_page":"204"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7939002513885498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.6706116199493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash-memory","display_name":"Flash memory","score":0.6257354021072388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.5301165580749512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.5067663788795471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash","display_name":"Flash (photography)","score":0.49042341113090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codec","display_name":"Codec","score":0.48070603609085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-error-correction","display_name":"Forward error correction","score":0.4390830099582672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.4276604652404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3897320628166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3238389492034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2239225208759308}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7939002513885498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6706116199493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776531357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174077","display_name":"Flash memory","level":2,"score":0.6257354021072388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.5301165580749512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.5067663788795471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221836","display_name":"Flash (photography)","level":2,"score":0.49042341113090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161765866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184748","display_name":"Codec","level":2,"score":0.48070603609085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202932441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55611017","display_name":"Forward error correction","level":3,"score":0.4390830099582672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.4276604652404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3897320628166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3238389492034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2239225208759308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2014.6865100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2014.6865100","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973712217","https://openalex.org/W1983978460","https://openalex.org/W2022271272","https://openalex.org/W2098470405","https://openalex.org/W2103879481","https://openalex.org/W2111274247","https://openalex.org/W2134709825","https://openalex.org/W2199682189","https://openalex.org/W4236170267","https://openalex.org/W6676673744"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2623918504","https://openalex.org/W2957709805","https://openalex.org/W2916248738","https://openalex.org/W1968720239","https://openalex.org/W4387475406","https://openalex.org/W2622922565","https://openalex.org/W2100531868","https://openalex.org/W2124455219","https://openalex.org/W2121747124","https://openalex.org/W2011630204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Storing":[0],"multiple":[1,48],"bits":[2,49],"in":[3,50,62],"a":[4,9,27,51,95],"flash":[5,15,34,52,73,123],"memory":[6,16,19,124],"cell":[7],"is":[8,21,39,116],"primary":[10],"technique":[11,31,99],"to":[12,40,66,105,132],"linearly":[13],"increase":[14,122],"capacity,":[17],"but":[18],"endurance":[20,125],"tremendously":[22],"sacrificed.":[23],"This":[24],"paper":[25],"presents":[26],"multilevel":[28],"fault":[29],"tolerance":[30],"for":[32,47,72],"MLC":[33],"memories.":[35],"The":[36,54],"main":[37],"idea":[38],"explore":[41],"multi-level":[42,77],"forward":[43],"error":[44,69],"correction":[45],"(FEC)":[46],"cell.":[53],"associated":[55],"practical":[56],"implementation":[57],"issues":[58],"are":[59],"well":[60],"addressed":[61],"this":[63],"paper.":[64],"Compared":[65],"the":[67,75,88,97,106,110],"conventional":[68,107],"protection":[70],"methods":[71,108],"memory,":[74],"proposed":[76,98],"FEC":[78],"approach":[79],"can":[80,120,128],"obtain":[81],"much":[82],"larger":[83],"system":[84],"coding":[85],"gain":[86],"using":[87],"same":[89],"amount":[90],"of":[91,113],"redundant":[92],"bits.":[93],"As":[94],"result,":[96],"reduces":[100],"power":[101],"consumption":[102],"considerably":[103],"compared":[104],"since":[109],"required":[111],"throughout":[112],"LDPC":[114,133],"codec":[115],"drastically":[117],"reduced.":[118],"It":[119],"also":[121],"as":[126],"it":[127],"allocate":[129],"more":[130],"redundancy":[131,138],"code":[134],"while":[135],"maintaining":[136],"overall":[137],"ratio.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}