{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992255060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271634","title":"Hierarchical Bayer-pattern based background subtraction for low resource devices","display_name":"Hierarchical Bayer-pattern based background subtraction for low resource devices","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992255060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271634","mag":"1992255060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2012.6271634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271634","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050429559","display_name":"Muhammad Shoaib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-0026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088543","display_name":"Institut f\u00fcr Informationsverarbeitung","ror":"https://ror.org/0047j9t38","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shoaib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060401330","display_name":"Tobias Elbrandt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088543","display_name":"Institut f\u00fcr Informationsverarbeitung","ror":"https://ror.org/0047j9t38","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Elbrandt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031683503","display_name":"Evgeny Zaretskiy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088543","display_name":"Institut f\u00fcr Informationsverarbeitung","ror":"https://ror.org/0047j9t38","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evgeny Zaretskiy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112053510","display_name":"J\u00f6ern Ostermann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088543","display_name":"Institut f\u00fcr Informationsverarbeitung","ror":"https://ror.org/0047j9t38","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joern Ostermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Leibniz University, Hannover, Hanover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Leibniz University Hannover, Institut fuer Informationsverarbeitung, Appelstr 9A, 30167 Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5553,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66994605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1867","last_page":"1870"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8243446350097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-subtraction","display_name":"Background subtraction","score":0.7541568875312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7041583061218262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.6751102209091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6540409326553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5860298871994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5768122673034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5480508804321289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4835395812988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.46295174956321716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.46043556928634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.41364970803260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40623706579208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09298670291900635}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8243446350097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.7541568875312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7041583061218262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.6751102209091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6540409326553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5860298871994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5768122673034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5480508804321289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4835395812988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.46295174956321716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.46043556928634644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.41364970803260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40623706579208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09298670291900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2012.6271634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271634","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979359516","https://openalex.org/W2011518483","https://openalex.org/W2078179989","https://openalex.org/W2097512404","https://openalex.org/W2098290961","https://openalex.org/W2111918405","https://openalex.org/W2112157293","https://openalex.org/W2121274305","https://openalex.org/W2163197466","https://openalex.org/W2163526675","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6684116764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2188430267","https://openalex.org/W2610698896","https://openalex.org/W2369265144","https://openalex.org/W28439884","https://openalex.org/W2427283480","https://openalex.org/W1987287817","https://openalex.org/W2123129869","https://openalex.org/W3094443322","https://openalex.org/W3031536623","https://openalex.org/W4399575711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"visual":[1],"monitoring":[2,22],"is":[3,17,81],"one":[4],"of":[5,14,43,95,130],"the":[6,58,103,123],"key":[7],"research":[8],"areas":[9],"in":[10,61,144],"recent":[11],"years.":[12],"Segmentation":[13],"moving":[15,31],"objects":[16],"an":[18,72],"important":[19],"step":[20],"toward":[21],"and":[23,132],"activity":[24],"analysis.":[25],"This":[26],"paper":[27],"proposes":[28],"a":[29,126],"real-time":[30,145],"object":[32],"segmentation":[33],"technique":[34],"using":[35,75,84,115,137],"Bayer-pattern":[36,64],"images.":[37],"The":[38,78],"proposed":[39,99,124],"method":[40,100],"takes":[41,93],"care":[42,94],"low":[44,138],"resource":[45],"availability":[46],"at":[47],"embedded":[48,146],"system.":[49],"In":[50,66],"order":[51],"to":[52],"reduce":[53],"memory":[54],"requirements,":[55],"we":[56,69],"model":[57],"background":[59,111],"scene":[60],"single":[62],"channel":[63],"domain.":[65],"classification":[67],"phase,":[68],"first":[70],"define":[71],"approximate":[73],"foreground":[74,80],"block-level":[76],"information.":[77,89],"Approximate":[79],"then":[82],"refined":[83],"in-loop":[85],"interpolated":[86],"pixel-level":[87,110],"RGB":[88,108],"Refinement":[90],"process":[91],"also":[92],"illumination":[96],"changes.":[97],"Our":[98],"achieves":[101],"almost":[102],"same":[104],"accuracy":[105],"as":[106],"state-of-the-art":[107],"based":[109],"subtraction":[112],"methods,":[113],"while":[114],"lower":[116],"computational":[117],"resources.":[118],"Experimental":[119],"results":[120],"show":[121],"that":[122,148],"has":[125],"true":[127],"positive":[128,134],"rate":[129,135],"87%":[131],"false":[133],"1.8%":[136],"resources,":[139],"quite":[140],"suitable":[141],"for":[142,152],"implementation":[143],"systems":[147],"can":[149],"be":[150],"used":[151],"monitoring.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
