{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2093831530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271477","title":"A time-to-digital converter based AFC for wideband frequency synthesizer","display_name":"A time-to-digital converter based AFC for wideband frequency synthesizer","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2093831530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271477","mag":"2093831530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2012.6271477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271477","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109151700","display_name":"Deping Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deping Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318331","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-4528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040046865","display_name":"Jin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5134-3706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100710685","display_name":"Ning Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4408-2944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016448886","display_name":"Junyan Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-6251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109214069","display_name":"Jinghong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinghong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75205 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70556664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":null,"first_page":"1299","last_page":"1302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.8318237066268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.8000587224960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6643936038017273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","score":0.60403972864151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5551085472106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5058907866477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4812762141227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4626283347606659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19924727082252502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.18693894147872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1240505576133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.06815168261528015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8318237066268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.8000587224960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6643936038017273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99594498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434524","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","level":4,"score":0.60403972864151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5551085472106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5058907866477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4812762141227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4626283347606659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19924727082252502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18693894147872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1240505576133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.06815168261528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2012.6271477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2012.6271477","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085307869","https://openalex.org/W2123266073","https://openalex.org/W2126040583","https://openalex.org/W2126973480","https://openalex.org/W2149785845","https://openalex.org/W2152144298","https://openalex.org/W2160286905","https://openalex.org/W2162504624"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070109416","https://openalex.org/W1523213765","https://openalex.org/W2040399070","https://openalex.org/W2388316590","https://openalex.org/W4388486464","https://openalex.org/W2030443651","https://openalex.org/W2122998409","https://openalex.org/W2139275576","https://openalex.org/W2245008115","https://openalex.org/W1864703715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,32,81],"automatic":[1],"frequency":[2,12],"calibration":[3,74,79],"(AFC)":[4],"technique":[5],"is":[6,30,45,61,90],"routinely":[7],"used":[8],"in":[9,57],"the":[10,35,40,58,67,72,78,87],"wideband":[11],"synthesizers":[13],"which":[14,51],"contain":[15],"multiple":[16],"voltage-controlled":[17],"oscillator":[18],"(VCO)":[19],"tuning":[20,42],"curves.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"paper,":[24],"a":[25,53],"counter-based":[26],"AFC":[27,36,49,73,84,89],"design":[28],"method":[29],"presented.":[31],"relationship":[33],"between":[34],"counting":[37,59],"time":[38,75,85],"and":[39],"VCO":[41],"curve":[43],"characteristic":[44],"quantitatively":[46],"analyzed.":[47],"An":[48],"circuit":[50,69],"uses":[52],"time-to-digital":[54],"converter":[55],"(TDC)":[56],"process":[60],"developed.":[62],"Simulation":[63],"results":[64],"show":[65],"that":[66],"proposed":[68,88],"significantly":[70],"reduces":[71],"while":[76],"preserving":[77],"accuracy.":[80],"simulated":[82],"error-free":[83],"of":[86],"less":[91],"than":[92],"3":[93],"\u00b5s.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
