{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104408907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5118070","title":"Ultra-low power subthreshold flip-flop design","display_name":"Ultra-low power subthreshold flip-flop design","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104408907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5118070","mag":"2104408907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2009.5118070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5118070","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108507879","display_name":"Sagi Fisher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sagi Fisher","raw_affiliation_strings":["VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026444183","display_name":"Adam Teman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8233-4711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Teman","raw_affiliation_strings":["VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042864741","display_name":"Dmitry Vaysman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitry Vaysman","raw_affiliation_strings":["VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091796448","display_name":"Alexander Gertsman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Gertsman","raw_affiliation_strings":["VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108639797","display_name":"Orly Yadid-Pecht","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orly Yadid-Pecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065902823","display_name":"Alexander Fish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4994-1536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Fish","raw_affiliation_strings":["VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The VLSI Systems Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1573","last_page":"1576"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthreshold-conduction","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","score":0.8928960561752319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flip-flop","display_name":"Flip-flop","score":0.6505728363990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6306366920471191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6213486194610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-electronics","display_name":"Low-power electronics","score":0.5899166464805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.5698283314704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5562988519668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.532470703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexer","display_name":"Multiplexer","score":0.5031639933586121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.49626070261001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissipation","display_name":"Dissipation","score":0.4930214583873749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.49297571182250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.4858538806438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.45425111055374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-electronics","display_name":"Digital electronics","score":0.4442223906517029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.39208245277404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.3686835765838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.31806159019470215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.31040138006210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.24019786715507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1089169979095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.09856244921684265}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658601","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","level":4,"score":0.8928960561752319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781007278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183406","display_name":"Flip-flop","level":3,"score":0.6505728363990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6306366920471191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6213486194610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117551214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Low-power electronics","level":4,"score":0.5899166464805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.5698283314704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5562988519668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.532470703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70970002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189434","display_name":"Multiplexer","level":3,"score":0.5031639933586121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.49626070261001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135402231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440","display_name":"Dissipation","level":2,"score":0.4930214583873749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.49297571182250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4858538806438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.45425111055374146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81843906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173156","display_name":"Digital electronics","level":3,"score":0.4442223906517029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.39208245277404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.3686835765838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31806159019470215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.31040138006210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.24019786715507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1089169979095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.09856244921684265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2009.5118070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5118070","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W649475307","https://openalex.org/W1539883310","https://openalex.org/W1633471522","https://openalex.org/W2098194061","https://openalex.org/W2103173346","https://openalex.org/W2103684670","https://openalex.org/W2126759167","https://openalex.org/W2131862714","https://openalex.org/W2163601309","https://openalex.org/W2166243422","https://openalex.org/W2168675153","https://openalex.org/W4251240676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020064877","https://openalex.org/W2967868444","https://openalex.org/W2056387586","https://openalex.org/W2167755006","https://openalex.org/W1515931217","https://openalex.org/W2545960595","https://openalex.org/W3159999783","https://openalex.org/W2122945703","https://openalex.org/W2044919502","https://openalex.org/W2104408907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"low":[3],"power":[4,32,39,61,127],"design":[5],"has":[6],"become":[7,27],"one":[8,28],"of":[9,13,29,50,100,129,144],"the":[10,30,54,79,101,109],"main":[11,31],"focuses":[12],"digital":[14,51],"VLSI":[15],"circuits.":[16],"As":[17],"technology":[18],"scales,":[19],"leakage":[20],"currents":[21],"in":[22,53,63,78,90,119,132],"contemporary":[23],"CMOS":[24],"logic":[25],"have":[26],"consumers.":[33],"Contrary":[34],"to":[35,45,76,93],"conventional":[36],"methods":[37],"for":[38,71,107],"reduction,":[40],"where":[41],"efforts":[42],"are":[43,103,112,117],"taken":[44],"reduce":[46],"subthreshold":[47,55,80],"leakage,":[48],"operation":[49],"circuits":[52],"region,":[56],"utilizes":[57],"this":[58],"current,":[59],"minimizing":[60],"consumption":[62],"low-frequency":[64],"systems.":[65],"This":[66],"paper":[67],"proposes":[68],"two":[69],"architectures":[70],"implementing":[72],"flip-flop":[73],"cells,":[74],"designed":[75],"operate":[77],"region.":[81],"Both":[82],"cells":[83],"integrate":[84],"a":[85,120,126,133,142],"gate-diffusion":[86],"input":[87],"(GDI)":[88],"multiplexer":[89],"their":[91],"designs":[92,116],"minimize":[94],"area":[95],"and":[96,105],"capacitance.":[97],"Timing":[98],"parameters":[99],"flip-flops":[102],"calculated":[104],"techniques":[106],"improving":[108],"timing":[110],"characteristics":[111],"proposed.":[113],"The":[114],"proposed":[115],"simulated":[118],"standard":[121],"90":[122],"nm":[123],"process":[124],"achieving":[125],"dissipation":[128],"8.4":[130],"nW":[131],"typical":[134],"corner":[135],"at":[136],"VDD":[137],"=":[138],"300":[139],"mV":[140],"with":[141],"delay":[143],"51.7":[145],"nsec.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}