{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140721786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5117762","title":"Design a co-processor for Output Probability Calculation in speech recognition","display_name":"Design a co-processor for Output Probability Calculation in speech recognition","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140721786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5117762","mag":"2140721786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2009.5117762","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5117762","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432795","display_name":"Peng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-0496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115145","display_name":"University of Minnesota, Duluth","ror":"https://ror.org/01hy4qx27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, 55812, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, 55812, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109898844","display_name":"Hua Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115145","display_name":"University of Minnesota, Duluth","ror":"https://ror.org/01hy4qx27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, 55812, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, 55812, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115145"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"369","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.6570606231689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6492040157318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.6114877462387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.5598395466804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5476769208908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5332239270210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.45670247077941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4553648829460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.44234994053840637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.43470337986946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3824963867664337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.28244835138320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.20148834586143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10749757289886475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.6570606231689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6492040157318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.6114877462387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.5598395466804504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5476769208908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5332239270210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.45670247077941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4553648829460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.44234994053840637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.43470337986946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3824963867664337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.28244835138320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.20148834586143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10749757289886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2009.5117762","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5117762","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578856370","https://openalex.org/W1595525891","https://openalex.org/W1879708712","https://openalex.org/W1957938779","https://openalex.org/W1980716861","https://openalex.org/W1995365180","https://openalex.org/W1996413013","https://openalex.org/W2029402845","https://openalex.org/W2054496292","https://openalex.org/W2122207536","https://openalex.org/W2154595457","https://openalex.org/W2546829032","https://openalex.org/W2739649174","https://openalex.org/W6634531637","https://openalex.org/W6635587130","https://openalex.org/W6648829021","https://openalex.org/W6741460227"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364370872","https://openalex.org/W3151633427","https://openalex.org/W2097963413","https://openalex.org/W2012045996","https://openalex.org/W2212894501","https://openalex.org/W2793465010","https://openalex.org/W3024050170","https://openalex.org/W2025614924","https://openalex.org/W2735765216","https://openalex.org/W4293253840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,16,41,75,95],"CHMM":[2],"(Continuous":[3],"Hidden":[4],"Markov":[5],"Model)":[6],"based":[7,58],"speech":[8],"recognition":[9],"algorithm,":[10],"Output":[11],"Probability":[12],"Calculation":[13],"(OPC)":[14],"is":[15,91,98],"most":[17],"computation-intensive":[18],"part.":[19],"To":[20],"reduce":[21],"power":[22,86],"consumption":[23,87],"and":[24,60,94],"design":[25],"cost,":[26],"this":[27,89],"paper":[28],"presents":[29],"a":[30,69],"custom-designed":[31],"co-processor":[32,42,52,76,90],"to":[33,45,81],"implement":[34],"OPC.":[35],"The":[36,51,85],"standard":[37],"SRAM":[38],"interface":[39],"of":[40,88],"allows":[43],"it":[44],"be":[46],"controlled":[47],"by":[48],"various":[49],"micro-controllers.":[50],"has":[53],"been":[54],"implemented":[55],"in":[56,62],"standard-cell":[57],"approach":[59],"manufactured":[61],"0.18":[63],"mum":[64],"UMC":[65],"technology.":[66],"Tested":[67],"with":[68],"358-state":[70],"3-mixture":[71],"27-feature":[72],"800-word":[73],"HMM,":[74],"operates":[77],"at":[78],"10":[79],"MHz":[80],"meet":[82],"real-time":[83],"requirement.":[84],"1.6":[92],"mW,":[93],"die":[96],"size":[97],"1.18":[99],"mm":[100],"<sup":[101],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[102],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[103],".":[104]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
