{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103113115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2008.4541450","title":"Improved 6.7GHz CMOS VCO delay cell with up to seven octave tuning range","display_name":"Improved 6.7GHz CMOS VCO delay cell with up to seven octave tuning range","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103113115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2008.4541450","mag":"2103113115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2008.4541450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2008.4541450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100620561","display_name":"Ke Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2954-1383"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Ke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics System Design Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics System Design Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059555251","display_name":"Reuben Wilcock","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reuben Wilcock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics System Design Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics System Design Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034122422","display_name":"Peter Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3611-0602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics System Design Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics System Design Group, School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"444","last_page":"447"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.8001852035522461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.7876365780830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7028505802154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.6642982959747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.646885097026825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.6328571438789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5172401070594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/octave","display_name":"Octave (electronics)","score":0.5081324577331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4969179928302765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.47639670968055725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3640791177749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2861604690551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18020454049110413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.13633686304092407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07703176140785217}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.8001852035522461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.7876365780830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7028505802154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.6642982959747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.646885097026825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.6328571438789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5172401070594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85841341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135984","display_name":"Octave (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.5081324577331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4969179928302765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.47639670968055725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3640791177749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2861604690551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18020454049110413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.13633686304092407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07703176140785217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2008.4541450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2008.4541450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6728678325","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/F069871/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583991669","https://openalex.org/W1876804670","https://openalex.org/W2104340505","https://openalex.org/W2108324407","https://openalex.org/W2113560586","https://openalex.org/W2148568726","https://openalex.org/W2158835697","https://openalex.org/W2163341790","https://openalex.org/W2332048616","https://openalex.org/W6676814854"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2976219355","https://openalex.org/W3129408886","https://openalex.org/W4233090067","https://openalex.org/W2365946217","https://openalex.org/W1964543336","https://openalex.org/W2368638770","https://openalex.org/W2365449259","https://openalex.org/W2089131288","https://openalex.org/W2057338677","https://openalex.org/W1600405202"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"choice":[1],"facing":[2],"most":[3],"VCO":[4],"and":[5,21,57,129],"PLL":[6],"designers":[7],"in":[8,47,51,124],"modern":[9],"CMOS":[10],"processes":[11],"is":[12,68,89],"whether":[13],"to":[14,26,99],"use":[15,27],"LC":[16,58],"oscillators":[17],"with":[18,34],"large":[19],"area":[20],"low":[22],"phase":[23,36,83,102],"noise,":[24,37],"or":[25],"an":[28],"inverter":[29,55,65],"based":[30,56,115],"all":[31],"transistor":[32,96],"solution":[33],"poor":[35],"but":[38],"much":[39],"smaller":[40],"size.":[41],"This":[42],"paper":[43],"makes":[44],"significant":[45],"progress":[46],"closing":[48],"the":[49,54,100,117],"gap":[50],"performance":[52],"between":[53],"approaches.":[59],"A":[60,86],"novel":[61],"double":[62],"feedback":[63],"dual":[64],"delay":[66,119],"cell":[67,120],"proposed":[69],"that":[70,91,113,130],"achieves":[71],"a":[72],"significantly":[73],"wider":[74],"tuning":[75,131],"range":[76],"than":[77],"previously":[78],"reported":[79],"whilst":[80],"maintaining":[81],"excellent":[82],"noise":[84,93,103],"performance.":[85,104],"design":[87,110],"methodology":[88],"presented":[90],"includes":[92],"analysis":[94],"relating":[95],"level":[97],"dimensions":[98],"predicted":[101],"Two":[105],"120":[106],"nm":[107],"1.2":[108],"V":[109],"examples":[111],"demonstrate":[112],"VCOs":[114],"on":[116],"improved":[118],"can":[121,137],"reach":[122],"frequencies":[123],"excess":[125],"of":[126,133],"6.7":[127],"GHz,":[128],"ranges":[132],"over":[134],"7":[135],"octaves":[136],"be":[138],"achieved.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}