{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1480838992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2004.1328688","title":"A gray-code current-mode ADC for mixed-mode cellular computer","display_name":"A gray-code current-mode ADC for mixed-mode cellular computer","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1480838992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2004.1328688","mag":"1480838992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2004.1328688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2004.1328688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001643517","display_name":"L. Vesalainen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Vesalainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068173798","display_name":"Jussi Poikonen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Poikonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071372184","display_name":"Mikko P\u00e4nk\u00e4\u00e4l\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-9975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Pankaala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038944203","display_name":"A. Paasio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-7391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Paasio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Electron. & Communicaton Syst., Turku Univ., Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1931,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77059447,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"III","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.8166953325271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.677789568901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5794131755828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.5188849568367004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.5176394581794739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.5144098401069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","score":0.4801889657974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray-code","display_name":"Gray code","score":0.4744642376899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3458020091056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3350796699523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2883179783821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.23561900854110718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.22669550776481628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20298495888710022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15158355236053467}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.8166953325271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.677789568901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5794131755828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.5188849568367004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.5176394581794739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.5144098401069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777271169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190169","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","level":3,"score":0.4801889657974243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129861397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332772","display_name":"Gray code","level":2,"score":0.4744642376899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3458020091056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3350796699523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2883179783821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.23561900854110718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.22669550776481628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20298495888710022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15158355236053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2004.1328688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2004.1328688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479900452","https://openalex.org/W1518057417","https://openalex.org/W1976297567","https://openalex.org/W1988802192","https://openalex.org/W2049905908","https://openalex.org/W2100836723","https://openalex.org/W2114746751","https://openalex.org/W2160121923","https://openalex.org/W2396495318","https://openalex.org/W2562334709","https://openalex.org/W3105662354","https://openalex.org/W4232853084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2759986866","https://openalex.org/W2551040039","https://openalex.org/W2260965739","https://openalex.org/W2316679782","https://openalex.org/W4394393350","https://openalex.org/W3170226631","https://openalex.org/W3027656099","https://openalex.org/W3152894281","https://openalex.org/W2489339234","https://openalex.org/W2762152268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Analog":[0],"to":[1,10,41,47],"digital":[2,16],"converters":[3,35],"are":[4,36],"used":[5],"in":[6,21,38,50],"extremely":[7],"many":[8],"applications":[9],"convert":[11],"real":[12],"world":[13],"signals":[14],"into":[15],"words.":[17],"The":[18],"converter":[19,61],"presented":[20],"this":[22],"paper,":[23],"is":[24],"designed":[25],"for":[26],"a":[27,51],"cellular":[28],"nonlinear":[29],"network":[30],"type":[31],"system,":[32],"where":[33],"A/D":[34],"included":[37],"each":[39],"cell":[40],"transform":[42],"the":[43,60],"gray":[44],"scale":[45],"value":[46],"be":[48],"stored":[49],"6":[52],"bit":[53],"SRAM":[54],"memory":[55],"bank.":[56],"Because":[57],"of":[58],"this,":[59],"structure":[62],"should":[63],"have":[64],"small":[65],"silicon":[66],"area,":[67],"low":[68],"power":[69],"consumption":[70],"and":[71],"easy":[72],"controlling.":[73],"Presented":[74],"ADC":[75],"fulfills":[76],"these":[77],"requirements.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}