{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1544944064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010506","title":"Frequency division using an injection-locked relaxation oscillator","display_name":"Frequency division using an injection-locked relaxation oscillator","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1544944064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010506","mag":"1544944064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010506","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010506","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111660805","display_name":"C. van den Bos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. van den Bos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Research Laboratory, Delft University of Technnology, Delft, Netherlands","Electron. Res. Labs., Delft Univ. of Technol., Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Research Laboratory, Delft University of Technnology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electron. Res. Labs., Delft Univ. of Technol., Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016756609","display_name":"C.J.M. Verhoeven","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0106-8117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.J.M. Verhoeven","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Research Laboratory, Delft University of Technnology, Delft, Netherlands","Electron. Res. Labs., Delft Univ. of Technol., Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Research Laboratory, Delft University of Technnology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electron. Res. Labs., Delft Univ. of Technol., Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5313793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"IV","last_page":"517"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-divider","display_name":"Frequency divider","score":0.9612261056900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-divider","display_name":"Current divider","score":0.855249285697937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.6831315755844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-multiplier","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","score":0.6594619154930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation-oscillator","display_name":"Relaxation oscillator","score":0.6416475772857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wilkinson-power-divider","display_name":"Wilkinson power divider","score":0.5894389748573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","score":0.5701476335525513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.5599831342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.4931304156780243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4517136216163635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43079641461372375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.42184534668922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.42169439792633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.41912221908569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3939928412437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-dividers-and-directional-couplers","display_name":"Power dividers and directional couplers","score":0.3718681335449219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2933574318885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.2675819396972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24214330315589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18618085980415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.14216464757919312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.07688826322555542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74982907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455624","display_name":"Frequency divider","level":3,"score":0.9612261056900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97264828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4157078","display_name":"Current divider","level":4,"score":0.855249285697937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.6831315755844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146002875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074289","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","level":3,"score":0.6594619154930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135854075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421688","display_name":"Relaxation oscillator","level":4,"score":0.6416475772857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184028887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265565","display_name":"Wilkinson power divider","level":4,"score":0.5894389748573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60798267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1226939","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5701476335525513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.5599831342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.4931304156780243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4517136216163635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43079641461372375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42184534668922424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.42169439792633057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.41912221908569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3939928412437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202988678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417986","display_name":"Power dividers and directional couplers","level":2,"score":0.3718681335449219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2933574318885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.2675819396972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24214330315589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18618085980415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.14216464757919312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.07688826322555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010506","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010506","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507268955","https://openalex.org/W1977248117","https://openalex.org/W2013634325","https://openalex.org/W2029780701","https://openalex.org/W2089756716","https://openalex.org/W2169594147","https://openalex.org/W2506282711","https://openalex.org/W4252911570"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976435525","https://openalex.org/W2010591735","https://openalex.org/W2363068872","https://openalex.org/W91622561","https://openalex.org/W2007735876","https://openalex.org/W4283218908","https://openalex.org/W1968508814","https://openalex.org/W2613801068","https://openalex.org/W1975478216","https://openalex.org/W2099990255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,105],"paper,":[2],"the":[3,40,83,90],"use":[4],"of":[5,32,58,82,104],"an":[6,59],"injection-locked":[7,60],"relaxation":[8,61],"oscillator":[9,62],"as":[10,47],"frequency":[11,53,92],"divider":[12,17,36,50,63],"is":[13,28,64,69],"proposed.":[14],"An":[15],"injection-lock":[16],"can":[18,75],"achieve":[19],"high":[20],"division":[21],"ratios":[22],"at":[23,39],"a":[24,33,48,52],"power":[25],"consumption":[26],"which":[27],"lower":[29],"than":[30],"that":[31,71,81],"divide-by-two":[34],"flipflop":[35],"while":[37],"operating":[38],"same":[41],"input":[42],"frequency,":[43],"making":[44],"it":[45,68],"suitable":[46],"first":[49],"in":[51,102],"synthesizer.":[54],"The":[55],"theoretical":[56],"performance":[57,74],"discussed.":[65],"From":[66],"this,":[67],"concluded":[70],"its":[72],"phase-noise":[73],"be":[76,86],"brought":[77],"arbitrarily":[78],"close":[79],"to":[80,85],"signal":[84],"divided,":[87],"thus":[88],"approaching":[89],"ideal":[91],"divider.":[93],"A":[94],"test":[95],"design":[96],"and":[97],"measurement":[98],"results":[99],"are":[100],"presented":[101],"support":[103],"claim.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}