{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1827233500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010476","title":"A high-performance CMOS multiphase voltage-controlled oscillator for communication systems","display_name":"A high-performance CMOS multiphase voltage-controlled oscillator for communication systems","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1827233500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010476","mag":"1827233500"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055685147","display_name":"R.R.-B. Sheen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.R.-B. Sheen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Media Laboratories, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Chung-Cheng Univ., Chia-Yi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Media Laboratories, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Chung-Cheng Univ., Chia-Yi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081916701","display_name":"O.T.-C. Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O.T.-C. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Media Laboratories, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Chung-Cheng Univ., Chia-Yi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Media Laboratories, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Chung-Cheng Univ., Chia-Yi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002665461","display_name":"Z. Y. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng-Dao Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal and Media Laboratories, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Chung-Cheng Univ., Chia-Yi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal and Media Laboratories, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Chung-Cheng Univ., Chia-Yi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2923,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77814083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"IV","last_page":"401"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.8508114218711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oscillation","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","score":0.7441895008087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5895885229110718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.523830235004425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissipation","display_name":"Dissipation","score":0.5211260914802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.48813995718955994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4705650806427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4668982923030853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.44798898696899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.43611425161361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oscillator-phase-noise","display_name":"Oscillator phase noise","score":0.4225388467311859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4016316533088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3904186487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.32866430282592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.30144399404525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.23370397090911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1914079785346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13411447405815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11337906122207642}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8508114218711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106412","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","level":2,"score":0.7441895008087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5895885229110718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.523830235004425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135402231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440","display_name":"Dissipation","level":2,"score":0.5211260914802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.48813995718955994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4705650806427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4668982923030853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.44798898696899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.43611425161361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26571440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106415","display_name":"Oscillator phase noise","level":5,"score":0.4225388467311859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4016316533088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3904186487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.32866430282592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.30144399404525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.23370397090911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1914079785346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13411447405815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11337906122207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112806910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746825","display_name":"Noise figure","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599285260","https://openalex.org/W1845851028","https://openalex.org/W2103153585","https://openalex.org/W2126687344","https://openalex.org/W2151673264","https://openalex.org/W2154677785","https://openalex.org/W4250685290","https://openalex.org/W6680216876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2976219355","https://openalex.org/W3129408886","https://openalex.org/W2474043983","https://openalex.org/W2352865393","https://openalex.org/W3064661991","https://openalex.org/W2158835697","https://openalex.org/W2539579532","https://openalex.org/W2566880546","https://openalex.org/W1999673508","https://openalex.org/W2544336511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"multiphase":[1,49,89,112],"oscillator":[2,50,64,114],"employing":[3],"phase-setting":[4,15,41],"and":[5,55,156],"oscillation-generation":[6,32],"units":[7],"was":[8],"developed":[9],"for":[10],"modern":[11],"communication":[12],"systems.":[13],"The":[14,31],"unit":[16,33],"includes":[17],"multiple":[18,36],"cascading":[19],"phase-shifting":[20],"cells":[21],"the":[22,40,47,84,88,110],"number":[23],"of":[24,35,66,75,87,130,141],"which":[25],"determines":[26],"output":[27],"signal":[28],"phase":[29,57,73,139],"differences.":[30],"consists":[34],"oscillators":[37],"to":[38,98,123,165],"trigger":[39],"unit.":[42],"This":[43],"configuration":[44],"ensures":[45],"that":[46],"proposed":[48,111],"has":[51],"good":[52],"oscillation":[53,69,90,117,136],"quality":[54],"high":[56],"accuracy.":[58],"In":[59],"addition,":[60],"a":[61,72,127],"voltage-controlled":[62,113],"ring":[63],"capable":[65],"generating":[67],"two":[68],"signals":[70,118,137],"with":[71,138],"difference":[74],"180/spl":[76,148],"deg/":[77,155],"is":[78,161],"designed.":[79],"It":[80],"not":[81],"only":[82],"decreases":[83],"settling":[85],"time":[86],"system,":[91],"but":[92],"also":[93],"reduces":[94],"power":[95],"dissipation":[96,160],"due":[97],"its":[99],"simplicity.":[100],"By":[101],"using":[102],"TSMC":[103],"1P6M":[104],"0.18":[105],"/spl":[106],"mu/m":[107],"CMOS":[108],"technology,":[109],"(VCO)":[115],"yields":[116],"ranging":[119],"from":[120],"2.37":[121],"GHz":[122,125],"2.53":[124],"at":[126],"supply":[128],"voltage":[129],"1.8":[131],"V.":[132],"There":[133],"are":[134],"8":[135],"differences":[140],"45/spl":[142],"deg/,":[143,145,147,149,151,153],"90/spl":[144],"135/spl":[146],"225/spl":[150],"270/spl":[152],"315/spl":[154],"360/spl":[157],"deg/.":[158],"Power":[159],"around":[162],"4.21":[163],"mW":[164],"4.88":[166],"mW.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
