{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1928206598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010399","title":"An all-digital programmable digitally-controlled-oscillator (DCO) for digital wireless applications","display_name":"An all-digital programmable digitally-controlled-oscillator (DCO) for digital wireless applications","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1928206598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010399","mag":"1928206598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010399","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010399","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033000053","display_name":"S. R. Abdollahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9171-0037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.R. Abdollahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Iran","Tehran university, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran university, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002612849","display_name":"Sayfe Kiaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-5126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162861","display_name":"E-Connection","ror":"https://ror.org/05gjytt71","country_code":"NL","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162861"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kiaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University, USA","IAFSE-ECEE: Connection One (C1)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAFSE-ECEE: Connection One (C1)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162861"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024809556","display_name":"Bertan Bakkalo\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-7367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["IR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Bakkaloglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instrumenits, Inc., USA","University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instrumenits, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109108677","display_name":"S.M. Fakhraie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.M. Fakhraie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Iran","University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087764491","display_name":"Reza Anvari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Anvari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Iran","University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053682916","display_name":"Seyed Ehsan Abdollahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2277-1060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.E. Abdollahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tehran, Iran","University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University\u00a0of\u00a0Tehran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83498318,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"IV","last_page":"101"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-shift-keying","display_name":"Minimum-shift keying","score":0.717400848865509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitally-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Digitally controlled oscillator","score":0.6572018265724182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5649136304855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.5369773507118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.513531506061554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.492570698261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45908111333847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-recovery","display_name":"Clock recovery","score":0.45663952827453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gsm","display_name":"GSM","score":0.44837486743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3717603087425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.35591721534729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3527355194091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.33371102809906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.3076614439487457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.3040011525154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18159106373786926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.11477398872375488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.0993368923664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09506285190582275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.07924976944923401}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55857970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4156818","display_name":"Minimum-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.717400848865509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167872736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276224","display_name":"Digitally controlled oscillator","level":5,"score":0.6572018265724182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5649136304855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.5369773507118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.513531506061554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.492570698261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45908111333847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779835379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2348121","display_name":"Clock recovery","level":4,"score":0.45663952827453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59201141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46904","display_name":"GSM","level":2,"score":0.44837486743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3717603087425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.35591721534729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3527355194091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33371102809906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.3076614439487457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.3040011525154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18159106373786926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.11477398872375488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.0993368923664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09506285190582275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.07924976944923401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120164764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q705396","display_name":"Variable-frequency oscillator","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010399","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010399","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571343408","https://openalex.org/W2011931115","https://openalex.org/W2067060574","https://openalex.org/W2142654928","https://openalex.org/W2258919270","https://openalex.org/W2490904451","https://openalex.org/W6680718181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2216585028","https://openalex.org/W3021143901","https://openalex.org/W2144945444","https://openalex.org/W1649348594","https://openalex.org/W4301806757","https://openalex.org/W561296367","https://openalex.org/W2043956168","https://openalex.org/W2162987108","https://openalex.org/W2100846520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"programmable":[1],"digitally":[2],"controlled":[3],"oscillator":[4],"(DCO)":[5],"core":[6],"is":[7,34],"mapped":[8],"on":[9,93],"an":[10],"Altera":[11],"MAX9400":[12],"CPLD":[13],"that":[14,40],"can":[15,79],"be":[16,80],"used":[17,81],"for":[18,36,44,82],"clock":[19],"recovery":[20],"circuit":[21],"of":[22,59],"a":[23,94],"2.4-19.2":[24],"Kb/sec":[25],"Gaussian":[26],"Minimum":[27],"Shift":[28],"Keying":[29],"(GMSK)":[30],"demodulator.":[31],"This":[32,77],"architecture":[33,78],"suitable":[35],"digital":[37],"wireless":[38],"transceivers":[39],"use":[41],"different":[42,65],"bands":[43],"transmit":[45],"and":[46,52,56,70],"receive":[47],"modes,":[48],"such":[49],"as":[50],"GSM":[51],"DECT.":[53],"The":[54],"linearity":[55],"phase":[57],"noise":[58],"the":[60],"DCO":[61],"are":[62,75],"analyzed":[63],"at":[64],"oscillation":[66],"frequencies.":[67],"Thermal":[68],"drift":[69],"power":[71],"supply":[72],"level":[73],"sensitivity":[74],"characterized.":[76],"higher":[83],"frequencies":[84],"using":[85],"faster":[86],"FPGA":[87],"devices":[88],"or":[89],"by":[90],"implementing":[91],"it":[92],"deep-submicron":[95],"process.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}