{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1897522285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010387","title":"A differential summing amplifier for analog VLSI systems","display_name":"A differential summing amplifier for analog VLSI systems","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1897522285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010387","mag":"1897522285"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083698042","display_name":"A.H. Titus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-874X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.H. Titus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Univ. at Buffalo, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974","https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Univ. at Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111490000","display_name":"A. Gopalan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Gopalan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Univ. at Buffalo, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974","https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Univ. at Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12857198,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"IV","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-amplifier","display_name":"Differential amplifier","score":0.6484435200691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.6411257386207581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.5894885659217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fully-differential-amplifier","display_name":"Fully differential amplifier","score":0.5230218768119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.5200533270835876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-coupled-amplifier","display_name":"Direct-coupled amplifier","score":0.46592140197753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.45433881878852844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4411037266254425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.43123751878738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41264641284942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3863261044025421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.31216272711753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.26446762681007385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25355222821235657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11722477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056298","display_name":"Differential amplifier","level":4,"score":0.6484435200691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.6411257386207581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.5894885659217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189184530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5508342","display_name":"Fully differential amplifier","level":5,"score":0.5230218768119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.5200533270835876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172218469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4477697","display_name":"Direct-coupled amplifier","level":5,"score":0.46592140197753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.45433881878852844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4411037266254425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.43123751878738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41264641284942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3863261044025421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.31216272711753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.26446762681007385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25355222821235657}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iscas.2002.1010387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2002.1010387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2002 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37353)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1659669320","https://openalex.org/W1982252349","https://openalex.org/W1986558808","https://openalex.org/W2114429511","https://openalex.org/W2125666370","https://openalex.org/W2146055113","https://openalex.org/W2155619160","https://openalex.org/W2165373903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098517669","https://openalex.org/W2167952956","https://openalex.org/W2379608080","https://openalex.org/W3106125200","https://openalex.org/W3010487541","https://openalex.org/W3201422860","https://openalex.org/W2921550143","https://openalex.org/W2165132866","https://openalex.org/W2007979522","https://openalex.org/W2954565801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"designed,":[2],"fabricated":[3,81],"and":[4,73],"tested":[5,72],"an":[6,34],"analog":[7,57,63,94],"VLSI":[8],"version":[9],"of":[10,65],"a":[11,25,79,97,124],"differential":[12,20,43],"summing":[13],"amplifier":[14,27,45],"that":[15,32,36,60,109],"is":[16,24,37,112],"based":[17],"on":[18],"the":[19,85,115],"difference":[21,44],"amplifier.":[22],"This":[23],"four-input":[26],"with":[28,114],"twelve":[29],"minimal-sized":[30],"transistors":[31],"covers":[33],"area":[35],"120":[38],"times":[39],"less":[40],"than":[41],"previous":[42],"designs,":[46],"which":[47],"makes":[48],"it":[49],"ideally":[50],"suited":[51],"for":[52,118],"smart-pixel":[53],"focal-plane":[54],"arrays":[55],"or":[56,127],"neural":[58],"networks":[59],"require":[61],"high-density":[62],"components":[64],"minimal":[66],"size.":[67],"The":[68,105],"circuit":[69],"has":[70],"been":[71],"compared":[74],"to":[75],"larger":[76,116],"versions":[77,117],"using":[78,84],"chip":[80,103],"through":[82],"MOSIS":[83],"AMI":[86],"1.5":[87],"/spl":[88],"mu/m":[89],"two":[90],"metal":[91],"layer,":[92],"double-poly":[93],"process":[95],"in":[96,120],"2.2":[98],"mm/spl":[99],"times/2.2":[100],"mm":[101],"tiny":[102],"padframe.":[104],"experimental":[106],"results":[107],"show":[108],"its":[110],"operation":[111],"favorable":[113],"use":[119],"open-loop":[121],"mode,":[122],"as":[123],"voltage":[125],"follower,":[126],"output":[128],"level-shifter.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
