{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7116866286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc266238.2025.11293354","title":"Adaptive and Mixed Incentive Strategies for Spatial Balancing in Bike-Sharing Systems","display_name":"Adaptive and Mixed Incentive Strategies for Spatial Balancing in Bike-Sharing Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7116866286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc266238.2025.11293354"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isc266238.2025.11293354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc266238.2025.11293354","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034418925","display_name":"Andreas Komninos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8331-1645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Komninos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055730804","display_name":"Gerasimos Vonitsanos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9555-4775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerasimos Vonitsanos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089477917","display_name":"Ioulia Simou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4873-9342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioulia Simou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067313762","display_name":"John Garofalakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9062-5765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Garofalakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Computer Engineering and Informatics Department,Patras,Greece,26504","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034418925"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68561631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.8668000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5476999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.5083000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budget-constraint","display_name":"Budget constraint","score":0.3402000069618225}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.8668000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5476999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.5083000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4767000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8505890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605095","display_name":"Budget constraint","level":2,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179366874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185130","display_name":"Demand management","level":2,"score":0.3361000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181889124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380204","display_name":"Service level","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3859990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382996","display_name":"Incentive program","level":3,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48875124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416996","display_name":"Comparative statics","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isc266238.2025.11293354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc266238.2025.11293354","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4380725920200348}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1129526491","https://openalex.org/W1970180010","https://openalex.org/W2041855438","https://openalex.org/W2054274567","https://openalex.org/W2060463459","https://openalex.org/W2067646912","https://openalex.org/W2257214079","https://openalex.org/W2557523848","https://openalex.org/W2942911487","https://openalex.org/W3190844324"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Maintaining":[0],"spatial":[1],"balance":[2],"and":[3,54,72,84,92,108,124,145],"ensuring":[4],"high":[5],"service":[6],"availability":[7],"are":[8,61],"persistent":[9],"challenges":[10],"in":[11,35],"the":[12,29,113,134],"management":[13,147],"of":[14,31,136,148],"large-scale":[15],"bike-sharing":[16,149],"systems":[17],"(BSS).":[18],"This":[19],"study":[20],"introduces":[21],"a":[22,42,63,66,73],"discrete-event":[23],"simulation":[24],"framework":[25,40],"designed":[26],"to":[27,104,141],"assess":[28],"effectiveness":[30],"alternative":[32],"incentive":[33,59,139],"strategies":[34],"addressing":[36],"these":[37],"issues.":[38],"The":[39],"simulates":[41],"controlled":[43],"urban":[44],"setting":[45],"characterized":[46],"by":[47,120],"heterogeneous":[48],"user":[49,122],"behavior,":[50],"stochastic":[51],"demand":[52],"patterns,":[53],"autonomous,":[55],"station-level":[56],"decision-making.":[57],"Three":[58],"scenarios":[60],"evaluated:":[62],"no-incentive":[64],"baseline,":[65],"static":[67,98],"strategy":[68,115],"employing":[69],"fixed":[70],"rewards,":[71],"dynamic":[74,114],"approach":[75],"where":[76],"stations":[77],"adapt":[78],"incentives":[79,99],"based":[80],"on":[81],"real-time":[82],"conditions":[83],"budgetary":[85],"constraints.":[86],"Comparative":[87],"analysis":[88],"across":[89],"key":[90],"operational":[91],"economic":[93],"indicators":[94],"reveals":[95],"that":[96],"while":[97,127],"improve":[100],"availability,":[101],"they":[102],"lead":[103],"inefficient":[105],"resource":[106],"allocation":[107],"elevated":[109],"costs.":[110],"In":[111],"contrast,":[112],"achieves":[116],"more":[117],"balanced":[118],"performance":[119],"enhancing":[121],"engagement":[123],"system":[125],"responsiveness":[126],"significantly":[128],"reducing":[129],"expenditure.":[130],"These":[131],"results":[132],"underscore":[133],"potential":[135],"decentralized,":[137],"adaptive":[138],"mechanisms":[140],"promote":[142],"scalable,":[143],"cost-effective,":[144],"sustainable":[146],"networks.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-12-23T00:00:00"}