{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388091397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc257844.2023.10293338","title":"System of System Strategy for Multi-Level Interoperability for Smart Cities","display_name":"System of System Strategy for Multi-Level Interoperability for Smart Cities","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388091397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc257844.2023.10293338"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isc257844.2023.10293338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isc257844.2023.10293338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025978898","display_name":"Stefano Loss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0093-4930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Loss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Daniel Colao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Colao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064179916","display_name":"N\u00e9lio Cacho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4706-5616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N\u00e9lio Cacho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072583354","display_name":"Frederico Lopes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-8875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederico Lopes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,Natal,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025978898"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4911621,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.9220555424690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6493425965309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-of-systems","display_name":"System of systems","score":0.5716535449028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.496084064245224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.4268777370452881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.41366660594940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3217412829399109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.2502228021621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18826135993003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-design","display_name":"Systems design","score":0.17605844140052795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.15465044975280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.12694916129112244}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.9220555424690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6493425965309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87912763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663737","display_name":"System of systems","level":3,"score":0.5716535449028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.496084064245224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.4268777370452881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.41366660594940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3217412829399109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.2502228021621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18826135993003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.17605844140052795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.15465044975280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.12694916129112244}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isc257844.2023.10293338","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isc257844.2023.10293338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185461914","https://openalex.org/W936875534","https://openalex.org/W1511959517","https://openalex.org/W1559046713","https://openalex.org/W2039012608","https://openalex.org/W2039436632","https://openalex.org/W2074635937","https://openalex.org/W2089520845","https://openalex.org/W2525700114","https://openalex.org/W2561192821","https://openalex.org/W2807979099","https://openalex.org/W2886654666","https://openalex.org/W2896117780","https://openalex.org/W2947302552","https://openalex.org/W2970471397","https://openalex.org/W2972140787","https://openalex.org/W3020475660","https://openalex.org/W3202887189","https://openalex.org/W4306167020","https://openalex.org/W4307392280","https://openalex.org/W4312073550","https://openalex.org/W4319841029","https://openalex.org/W4321377217","https://openalex.org/W6607384405","https://openalex.org/W6630724411","https://openalex.org/W6730786517"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W3209862047","https://openalex.org/W4304136894","https://openalex.org/W2989851257","https://openalex.org/W2953027239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0,76,148],"Cities":[1,149],"currently":[2],"utilize":[3],"computational":[4],"solutions":[5],"to":[6,21,47,83,113,127,143,157],"enhance":[7],"the":[8,159],"quality":[9],"of":[10,40,54,63,103],"life":[11],"for":[12],"their":[13],"citizens.":[14],"However,":[15,90],"these":[16,129],"systems":[17,57],"can":[18,78,110],"be":[19,111],"complex":[20,74],"integrate":[22,84],"as":[23,61,96],"they":[24],"are":[25],"often":[26],"isolated,":[27],"heterogeneous,":[28],"and":[29,67,73,86,101,106],"maintained":[30],"by":[31,80],"distinct":[32],"organizations":[33],"at":[34],"different":[35],"activity":[36],"levels.":[37],"The":[38],"System":[39,41],"(SoS)":[42],"concept":[43],"is":[44,51],"one":[45],"way":[46],"promote":[48],"interoperability.":[49],"SoS":[50,82,91,141],"a":[52,64,71,115,121,154],"collection":[53],"several":[55],"isolated":[56],"that":[58,137],"act":[59],"interoperably":[60],"part":[62],"more":[65],"extensive":[66],"intricate":[68],"system,":[69],"forming":[70],"cohesive":[72],"entity.":[75],"cities":[77],"benefit":[79],"using":[81],"services":[85],"develop":[87],"new":[88],"features.":[89],"has":[92],"some":[93],"limitations,":[94],"such":[95],"increased":[97],"costs,":[98],"limited":[99],"collaboration,":[100],"mistrust":[102],"shared":[104],"data":[105],"functionalities.":[107],"Blockchain":[108,139],"technology":[109],"used":[112],"establish":[114],"trusted":[116,145],"decentralized":[117],"controller":[118],"entity":[119],"through":[120],"consensus":[122],"mechanism":[123],"among":[124,147],"network":[125],"participants":[126],"overcome":[128],"challenges.":[130],"Therefore,":[131],"this":[132],"paper":[133],"presents":[134],"an":[135],"architecture":[136],"combines":[138],"with":[140],"theory":[142],"enable":[144],"interoperability":[146],"systems.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"we":[152],"conduct":[153],"stress":[155],"test":[156],"evaluate":[158],"proposed":[160],"solution.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}