{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2919785122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc2.2018.8656952","title":"Towards a Decentralized Data Marketplace for Smart Cities","display_name":"Towards a Decentralized Data Marketplace for Smart Cities","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2919785122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc2.2018.8656952","mag":"2919785122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isc2.2018.8656952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc2.2018.8656952","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052323077","display_name":"Gowri Ramachandran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5944-1335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gowri Sankar Ramachandran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90089"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044585596","display_name":"Rahul Radhakrishnan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Radhakrishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90089"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063784062","display_name":"Bhaskar Krishnamachari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9994-9931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhaskar Krishnamachari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90089"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 90089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052323077"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.0571,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":133,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99488932,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6521990299224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5802589058876038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.5742236375808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ledger","display_name":"Distributed ledger","score":0.5555595755577087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5282670259475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-sharing","display_name":"Data sharing","score":0.524036705493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralization","display_name":"Decentralization","score":0.45804235339164734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.44069185853004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4316607117652893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-data","display_name":"Open data","score":0.4202735722064972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41932815313339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-database","display_name":"Distributed database","score":0.41097697615623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3886808156967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.33625292778015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.26921921968460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.23162323236465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10874229669570923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6521990299224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5802589058876038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5742236375808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777541363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110971","display_name":"Distributed ledger","level":3,"score":0.5555595755577087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5282670259475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779965156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227350","display_name":"Data sharing","level":3,"score":0.524036705493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136810230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188961","display_name":"Decentralization","level":2,"score":0.45804235339164734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.44069185853004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4316607117652893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780535194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309901","display_name":"Open data","level":2,"score":0.4202735722064972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41932815313339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.41097697615623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3886808156967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33625292778015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.26921921968460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.23162323236465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10874229669570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isc2.2018.8656952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isc2.2018.8656952","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334234","display_name":"Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12599678","https://openalex.org/W1577904438","https://openalex.org/W1844512392","https://openalex.org/W1990189254","https://openalex.org/W1994321829","https://openalex.org/W2026490835","https://openalex.org/W2032233621","https://openalex.org/W2134177285","https://openalex.org/W2560109388","https://openalex.org/W2595976459","https://openalex.org/W2616435972","https://openalex.org/W2744999500","https://openalex.org/W2764126775","https://openalex.org/W2873851620","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6638711193","https://openalex.org/W6793285265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186336397","https://openalex.org/W2481378325","https://openalex.org/W2330351317","https://openalex.org/W3140943723","https://openalex.org/W4401911036","https://openalex.org/W3125369811","https://openalex.org/W2010376978","https://openalex.org/W1701640499","https://openalex.org/W4291167835","https://openalex.org/W3185944503"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,20,39,56,86,121],"the":[2,18,37,54,83],"ways":[3],"in":[4,33],"which":[5],"a":[6,14,67,88,96,110,116,122],"city":[7],"can":[8,30,128],"become":[9],"smarter":[10],"is":[11],"to":[12,35],"grow":[13],"local":[15],"economy":[16],"around":[17],"sharing":[19],"data":[21,28,58,69,126,132],"from":[22],"IoT":[23],"devices":[24],"and":[25,44,76,101],"other":[26,77],"open":[27],"that":[29,94],"be":[31,72,106,129],"used":[32],"applications":[34],"improve":[36],"lives":[38],"its":[40],"citizens.":[41],"Prior":[42],"work":[43],"ongoing":[45],"projects":[46],"have":[47],"examined":[48],"or":[49],"are":[50],"currently":[51],"focused":[52],"on":[53],"development":[55],"centralized":[57],"marketplaces":[59],"for":[60,134],"smart":[61,118],"cities.":[62],"Here":[63],"we":[64],"explore":[65],"how":[66,103],"decentralized":[68,89,97,123],"marketplace":[70,98],"could":[71,105],"created":[73],"using":[74],"blockchain":[75],"distributed":[78],"ledger":[79],"technologies.":[80],"We":[81,113],"consider":[82],"possible":[84],"benefits":[85],"such":[87,95],"architecture,":[90],"identify":[91],"different":[92],"elements":[93],"should":[99],"have,":[100],"show":[102],"they":[104],"potentially":[107],"integrated":[108],"into":[109],"comprehensive":[111],"solution.":[112],"also":[114],"present":[115],"simple":[117],"contract":[119],"implementation":[120],"registry":[124],"where":[125],"products":[127],"posted":[130],"by":[131,136],"owners":[133],"retrieval":[135],"potential":[137],"buyers.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}