{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3150524986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9433918","title":"Focusnet++: Attentive Aggregated Transformations For Efficient And Accurate Medical Image Segmentation","display_name":"Focusnet++: Attentive Aggregated Transformations For Efficient And Accurate Medical Image Segmentation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3150524986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9433918","mag":"3150524986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9433918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9433918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076295200","display_name":"Chaitanya Kaul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4893-6222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaitanya Kaul","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom","University of Glasgow,School of Computing Science,United Kingdom,G12 8QQ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow,School of Computing Science,United Kingdom,G12 8QQ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058636317","display_name":"Nick Pears","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nick Pears","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of York, United Kingdom","University of York,Department of Computer Science,United Kingdom,YO10 5DD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York,Department of Computer Science,United Kingdom,YO10 5DD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080852978","display_name":"Hang Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7609-0124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113480","display_name":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/0258gkt32","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070918132","display_name":"Roderick Murray\u2010Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-7962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roderick Murray-Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom","University of Glasgow,School of Computing Science,United Kingdom,G12 8QQ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow,School of Computing Science,United Kingdom,G12 8QQ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102881201","display_name":"Suresh Manandhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2822-2903"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suresh Manandhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["NAAMII, Katunje, Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Nepal","NAAMII,Katunje, Bhaktapur,Kathmandu,Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAAMII, Katunje, Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Nepal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NAAMII,Katunje, Bhaktapur,Kathmandu,Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1042","last_page":"1046"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7664966583251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flops","display_name":"FLOPS","score":0.735217273235321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7014227509498596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6476974487304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-entropy","display_name":"Cross entropy","score":0.6424372792243958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6181302666664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5764721035957336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5730725526809692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5270854830741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.45958250761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44634175300598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.41229698061943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32769814133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32011979818344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1770111620426178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.09194496273994446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7664966583251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3826847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188768","display_name":"FLOPS","level":2,"score":0.735217273235321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7014227509498596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6476974487304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167981619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1685498","display_name":"Cross entropy","level":3,"score":0.6424372792243958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6181302666664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5764721035957336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5730725526809692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5270854830741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.45958250761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44634175300598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.41229698061943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32769814133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32011979818344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1770111620426178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.09194496273994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9433918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9433918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:253894","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:190365","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9513-5634>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1912.02079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.02079","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.02079","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3150524986","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.02079.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1912.02079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.02079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:253894","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335087","display_name":"Innovate UK","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar5fy68"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W603908379","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1928906481","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2400429454","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2788906943","https://openalex.org/W2798122215","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2932083555","https://openalex.org/W2962725274","https://openalex.org/W2981472752","https://openalex.org/W6618372016","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6640376812","https://openalex.org/W6743731764","https://openalex.org/W6748775820","https://openalex.org/W6761152059","https://openalex.org/W6767634436","https://openalex.org/W6769314091"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3164280370","https://openalex.org/W3172830686","https://openalex.org/W3142162018","https://openalex.org/W3106164708","https://openalex.org/W3170590072","https://openalex.org/W2030994305","https://openalex.org/W2999972254","https://openalex.org/W3112024879","https://openalex.org/W3157403981","https://openalex.org/W3118838464","https://openalex.org/W3118753716","https://openalex.org/W3109211147","https://openalex.org/W3081417530","https://openalex.org/W2998340594","https://openalex.org/W3200205401","https://openalex.org/W2953323862","https://openalex.org/W3034926724","https://openalex.org/W2576674590","https://openalex.org/W2921781974","https://openalex.org/W2964046397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,19,42],"propose":[1],"a":[2,44],"new":[3],"residual":[4],"block":[5,37],"for":[6,79],"convolutional":[7],"neural":[8],"networks":[9],"and":[10,54,85,94],"demonstrate":[11],"its":[12],"state-of-the-art":[13,73],"performance":[14,62],"in":[15],"medical":[16],"image":[17],"segmentation.":[18],"combine":[20],"attention":[21,30],"mechanisms":[22],"with":[23,64,91],"group":[24,29],"convolutions":[25],"to":[26,59],"create":[27],"our":[28,39],"mechanism,":[31],"which":[32],"forms":[33],"the":[34,55,61,80,86],"fundamental":[35],"building":[36],"of":[38],"network,":[40],"FocusNet++.":[41],"employ":[43],"hybrid":[45],"loss":[46,53,58],"based":[47],"on":[48],"balanced":[49],"cross":[50],"entropy,":[51],"Tversky":[52],"adaptive":[56],"logarithmic":[57],"enhance":[60],"along":[63],"fast":[65],"convergence.":[66],"Our":[67],"results":[68,74],"show":[69],"that":[70],"FocusNet++":[71],"achieves":[72],"across":[75],"various":[76],"benchmark":[77],"metrics":[78],"ISIC":[81],"2018":[82],"melanoma":[83],"segmentation":[84,89],"cell":[87],"nuclei":[88],"datasets":[90],"fewer":[92],"parameters":[93],"FLOPs.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
