{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170107888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2011.5872661","title":"Automatic retina exudates segmentation without a manually labelled training set","display_name":"Automatic retina exudates segmentation without a manually labelled training set","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170107888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2011.5872661","mag":"2170107888"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isbi.2011.5872661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2011.5872661","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-00585177","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026804774","display_name":"Luca Giancardo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4862-2277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177064439","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1bsr36","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L. Giancardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","University of Burgundy, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Burgundy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079375904","display_name":"Fabrice M\u00e9riaudeau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-9913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177064439","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1bsr36","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Meriaudeau","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Burgundy, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Burgundy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004617550","display_name":"Thomas P. Karnowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0376-4917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.P. Karnowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421256","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5543-8171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160606119","display_name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0011qv509","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049719212","display_name":"Kenneth W. Tobin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-9520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.W. Tobin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091627951","display_name":"Edward Chaum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3542-8376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160606119","display_name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0011qv509","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Chaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160606119"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026804774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I177064439"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5111,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95835118,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1396","last_page":"1400"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"Retina","score":0.7291936874389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7261948585510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6523681879043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5949792265892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.570044994354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5394381880760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5320364832878113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.5052164196968079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.438432514667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39226680994033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.11749288439750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09042400121688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0546017587184906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.7291936874389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7261948585510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6523681879043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5949792265892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.570044994354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5394381880760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5320364832878113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.5052164196968079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.438432514667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39226680994033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.11749288439750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09042400121688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0546017587184906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isbi.2011.5872661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2011.5872661","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.651.5324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.651.5324","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00585177/document/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-00585177v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-00585177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, Mar 2011, Russia. pp.1","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-00585177v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-00585177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, Mar 2011, Russia. pp.1","raw_type":"Conference papers"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982761740","https://openalex.org/W1989786678","https://openalex.org/W1992728454","https://openalex.org/W2001457150","https://openalex.org/W2019831869","https://openalex.org/W2034598891","https://openalex.org/W2037760632","https://openalex.org/W2040904686","https://openalex.org/W2095006131","https://openalex.org/W2142866653","https://openalex.org/W2144623559","https://openalex.org/W2149430368","https://openalex.org/W2157840858","https://openalex.org/W2158518042","https://openalex.org/W2161342819","https://openalex.org/W2162698990","https://openalex.org/W2169736040","https://openalex.org/W6676574595","https://openalex.org/W6801567140"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2362796209","https://openalex.org/W230091440","https://openalex.org/W2027168247","https://openalex.org/W2233261550","https://openalex.org/W2038488634","https://openalex.org/W2810751659","https://openalex.org/W258997015","https://openalex.org/W2997094352","https://openalex.org/W1522196789","https://openalex.org/W2551249631"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diabetic":[0],"macular":[1],"edema":[2],"(DME)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,45,74],"common":[6],"vision":[7],"threatening":[8],"complication":[9],"of":[10,22,37,77,86,113,125],"diabetic":[11],"retinopathy":[12],"which":[13,41,58,88],"can":[14],"be":[15],"assessed":[16],"by":[17],"detecting":[18],"exudates":[19,38],"(a":[20],"type":[21],"bright":[23],"lesion)":[24],"in":[25,128],"fundus":[26,78],"images.":[27],"In":[28,111],"this":[29,99],"work,":[30],"two":[31,106],"new":[32,75],"methods":[33],"for":[34],"the":[35],"detection":[36],"are":[39,59],"presented":[40],"do":[42,51],"not":[43,52],"use":[44],"supervised":[46],"learning":[47],"step;":[48],"therefore,":[49],"they":[50],"require":[53],"labelled":[54],"lesion":[55],"training":[56],"sets":[57],"time":[60],"consuming":[61],"to":[62,65,69],"create,":[63],"difficult":[64],"obtain":[66],"and":[67,84,101],"prone":[68],"human":[70],"error.":[71],"We":[72,94],"introduce":[73],"dataset":[76,100],"images":[79],"from":[80],"various":[81],"ethnic":[82],"groups":[83],"levels":[85],"DME":[87],"we":[89],"have":[90],"made":[91],"publicly":[92],"available.":[93],"evaluate":[95],"our":[96,103,114,116],"algorithm":[97],"with":[98,105,122],"compare":[102],"results":[104],"recent":[107],"exudate":[108],"segmentation":[109],"algorithms.":[110],"all":[112],"tests,":[115],"algorithms":[117],"perform":[118],"better":[119],"or":[120],"comparable":[121],"an":[123],"order":[124],"magnitude":[126],"reduction":[127],"computational":[129],"time.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}